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The association between the LRRK2 G2385R variant and the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis based on 23 case–control studies

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Abstract

Clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is essential but misdiagnosis of PD-like diseases is quite common. LRRK2 G2385R variants have been extensively examined for the association to the risk of Parkinson’s disease. However, results from different studies are inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between the LRRK2 G2385R variants and the risk of PD. A systematic literature search was performed for 6 databases up to January of 2014 to identify case–control studies involving LRRK2 G2385R variants and the risk of PD. A total of 12,915 cases and 12,451 controls in 23 case–control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that the variant A allele carriers (GA + AA) increased risk of PD when compared with the homozygote GG (GA + AA vs. GG: OR = 2.4, 95 % CI = 1.97 to 2.92, P < 0.00001). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, increased risks were identified among Chinese (OR = 2.69, 95 % CI = 2.1–3.45, P < 0.00001) as well as in non-Chinese (OR = 2.17, 95 % CI 1.75–2.69, P < 0.00001). In the subgroup analysis by age of onset, significant associations were found in both later-onset PD (LOPD) and early-onset PD (EOPD) cases. And there was no significant difference of the allele frequency between patients with LOPD and EOPD (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 0.77–1.80, P = 0.45). Our results suggest that the LRRK2 G2385R variants contribute to the susceptibility of PD especially in Chinese PD. Meanwhile, it is possible that age is not the risk factor to facilitate G2385R gene mutation.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Professor Zhen-Guo Liu for his help in guiding and revising the manuscript. We also thank all the study participants. This study was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China (81171203), the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (12XD1403800).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng-long Xie, Yu Zhang, Su-fang Zhang, Jing Gan & Zhen-Guo Liu

  2. Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, People’s Republic of China

    Jia-Lin Pan

  3. The Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China

    Wen-Wen Wang

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  1. Cheng-long Xie
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Correspondence to Zhen-Guo Liu.

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Xie, Cl., Pan, JL., Wang, WW. et al. The association between the LRRK2 G2385R variant and the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis based on 23 case–control studies. Neurol Sci 35, 1495–1504 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-014-1878-2

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