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Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in childhood: report of nine cases and review of the literature

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Abstract

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is recently described disorder with typical radiological findings in the posterior regions of the cerebral hemisphere and cerebellum. Its clinical symptoms include headache, decreased alertness, mental abnormalities, such as confusion, diminished spontaneity of speech, and changed behavior ranging from drowsiness to stupor, seizures, vomiting and abnormalities of visual perception like cortical blindness. RPLS is caused by various heterogeneous factors, the commonest being hypertension, followed by non-hypertensive causes such as eclampsia, renal diseases and immunosuppressive therapy. We presented nine patients with RPLS who had primary diagnoses such as acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, idiopathic hypertension, the performing of intravenous immunoglobulin for infection with crescentic glomerulonephritis, erythrocyte transfusion for severe iron deficiency, l-asparaginase treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and performing of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor for ulcerative colitis due to neutropenia. Early recognition of RPLS as complication during different diseases and therapy in childhood may facilitate precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Talas, Kayseri, Turkey

    Hakan Gümüş & Hüseyin Per

  2. Department of Pediatric Neurology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey

    Sefer Kumandaş

  3. Department of Pediatric Radiology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey

    Ali Yıkılmaz

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  1. Hakan Gümüş
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  2. Hüseyin Per
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  3. Sefer Kumandaş
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  4. Ali Yıkılmaz
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Correspondence to Hakan Gümüş.

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Gümüş, H., Per, H., Kumandaş, S. et al. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in childhood: report of nine cases and review of the literature. Neurol Sci 31, 125–131 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-009-0158-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-009-0158-z

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