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Early onset primary Sjögren syndrome, clinical and laboratory characteristics

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Abstract

Introduction/objectives

Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is usually encountered between the fourth and sixth decades. It is known that the age of onset in autoimmune diseases may affect the clinical features. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of early onset pSS patients.

Method

The data of 352 pSS patients were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups as those with the onset age of 35 or younger (early-onset) and those with the onset age of older than 35. The clinical, laboratory, and serological characteristics of the two groups were compared. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Forty patients in the group with an onset age of 35 or younger (11.4%) and 312 patients with an onset age of older than 35 (88.6%) were analyzed. The frequency of skin (22.5% vs 1.9%, p < 0.001) and renal involvement (10% vs 2.2%, p = 0.026) was significantly higher in the early-onset group than the late-onset group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of xerostomia, eye dryness, arthritis, and other systemic involvement. Anti-Ro52 positivity (p = 0.04), elevated serum IgG levels (p = 0.004), and low C4 (p = 0.002) presence were more frequent in the early-onset group.

Conclusions

Consequently, it is seen that the clinical phenotype of early-onset pSS patients may be different to those with later onset. Especially the more frequent observation of poor prognostic factors at early-onset ages shows the necessity to monitor these patients more regularly.

Key points:

• The clinical and laboratory features of patients with early-onset primary Sjogren syndrome may differ from late-onset patients.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Ufuk İlgen for his contribution to statistical work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey

    Müçteba Enes Yayla, Murat Torgutalp, Ayşe Bahar Keleşoğlu Dinçer, Emine Gözde Aydemir Gülöksüz, Serdar Sezer, Didem Şahin Eroğlu, Mehmet Levent Yüksel, Tahsin Murat Turgay, Gülay Kınıklı & Aşkın Ateş

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Zehra Karaman

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  1. Müçteba Enes Yayla
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Correspondence to Müçteba Enes Yayla.

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Yayla, M.E., Karaman, Z., Torgutalp, M. et al. Early onset primary Sjögren syndrome, clinical and laboratory characteristics. Clin Rheumatol 39, 2689–2696 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05017-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05017-3

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