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Clinical and laboratory aspects of dyslipidemia in Brazilian women with systemic lupus erythematosus

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Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the presence of dyslipidemia in Brazilian SLE patients by evaluating their lipid profile and immune status, including the production of autoantibodies and cytokines involved in atherogenesis. Ninety-four female SLE patients participated in this study and, based on their lipid profile, were classified as dyslipidemic or not. All were tested for antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), antiphospholipid antibodies, and autoantibodies to extractable nuclear antigens and double-stranded DNA. Serum levels of apolipoproteins A and B, C3, C4, and C-reactive protein were measured, as well as serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10. Lupus activity was scored according to the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000. Sixty-nine patients (73.4%) had dyslipidemia, and the remaining 25 patients (26.6%) were non-dyslipidemic. Lupus activity was correlated with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels (non-HDL-C, r = 0.34 and p = 0.0043 and r = 0.46 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Atherogenic indexes apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A and TG:HDL-C ratios were higher in dyslipidemic women, and TG:HDL was correlated with disease activity (r = 0.40, p = 0.0007). IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were similar between groups; however, a positive correlation between IL-6 and CRP levels was only observed in the group with dyslipidemia (r = 0.55, p < 0.0001). Female Brazilian SLE patients present a high prevalence of dyslipidemia and exhibit a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases as compared with female SLE patients without dyslipidemia and healthy individuals.

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Funding

Conselho Nacional de desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ), Grant 306.097/2010-9

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Imunologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40170115, Brazil

    Ajax M. Atta, Isabela S. Oliveira, Rodrigo C. Oliveira & Maria Luiza B. Sousa Atta

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

    João Paulo C. G. Silva

  3. Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil

    Mittermayer B. Santiago

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  1. Ajax M. Atta
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  2. João Paulo C. G. Silva
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  6. Maria Luiza B. Sousa Atta
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Correspondence to Ajax M. Atta.

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The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health.

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Atta, A.M., Silva, J.P.C.G., Santiago, M.B. et al. Clinical and laboratory aspects of dyslipidemia in Brazilian women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 37, 1539–1546 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4051-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4051-0

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