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Rettungsdienst in der Europäischen Union

Emergency medical services in the states of the European Union. A comparative stocktaking

Eine vergleichende Bestandsaufnahme

  • Konzepte - Qualitätsmanagement: Rettungsdienst in der EU
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Das Ziel der Studie besteht in der ersten Bestandsaufnahme möglicher Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen präklinischen Systemen in der Europäischen Union. Wesentliche Faktoren für Struktur und Organisation des Rettungswesens stellen neben politischen Rahmenbedingungen die geographische Infrastruktur und das Gesundheitssystem dar. Grundsätzlich wird die rettungsdienstliche bzw. notfallmedizinische Versorgung als öffentliche bzw. staatliche Aufgabe wahrgenommen. Grundlage dazu bilden einschlägige gesetzliche Regelungen und Verordnungen. Die Organisation des Rettungsdienstes erfolgt in den meisten Ländern nach den Kriterien der sogenannten „Hilfsfrist”, jedoch in unterschiedlichem Umfang und Ausmaß. Was die Zugriffsmöglichkeit auf das rettungsdienstliche System betrifft, wird die entsprechende Koordinationszentrale/Leitstelle über eine meist einheitliche landeseigene Notrufnummer aktiviert. In fast allen betrachteten Ländern sind in der präklinischen Versorgung Ärzte involviert. Die Ausbildung des nichtärztlichen Personals erfolgt meist in Ausbildungsstufen und führt zu unterschiedlichen Qualifikationen.

Summary

The Institute of Rescue Service carried out this study as a first stocktaking with the aim of demonstrating possible common factors but also differences between the different pre-hospital systems. An essential factor for the structure and organisation of emergency medical services – apart from the political framework conditions – is represented by the geographical infrastructure as well as by the system of the health care of the population. Rescue services and/or emergency medical care are basically seen as a public and/or government task with the relevant laws and regulations constituting the basis for this. In most countries the organisation of the emergency medical services follows the criteria of the so-called „rescue time”, however to different scopes and extents. As regards the access possibilities to the rescue service system the corresponding co-ordination centre/rescue head office is activated via a usually standardised country-specific emergency telephone number. In almost all studied countries doctors are more or less involved in the pre-hospital emergency care. The training of the paramedical staff usually takes place in several stages of training leading to different qualifications.

This synoptic representation demonstrates that partly considerable differences exist as regards to the organisational and infrastructural as well as the political development of the emergency medical services [10]. The synoptic representation offers the possibility of elucidating possible differences between the systems which, in a later step, might be considered to be potential solutions for country-/region-specific particularities.

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Pohl-Meuthen, U., Koch, B. & Kuschinsky, B. Rettungsdienst in der Europäischen Union. Notfall & Rettungsmedizin 2, 442–450 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/s100490050175

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s100490050175

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