Abstract
Several recent linear drained preloading histories with fixed direction were especially designed to study the effects of strain induced anisotropy of loose Hostun RF sand in the compression side of the classical triaxial plane. Nearly identical void ratio and a same initial isotropic stress state prior to the final undrained shearing in compression are the requirements of the experimental program to take into account only the deviatoric strain histories. The effects of previous deviatoric strain histories on the undrained response of loose Hostun RF sand are identified: mainly the progressive transformation of a contractive and unstable behaviour of very loose sand into a dilative and stable behaviour of dense-like sand by previous linear drained history, while remaining in the same state of loose density. Experimental data evidence the directional dependency of the initial gradient of the effective stress paths, independent of the length of the approaching linear stress paths; the large common non linear effective stress response up to the deviatoric stress peak; the progressive appearance of the dilatancy domain and the unexpected evolution of the undrained behaviour of loose and presheared sand. The paper provides new insights into the mechanisms of strain induced anisotropy of loose sand created by simple linear triaxial stress paths from an isotropic stress state.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arthur J.R.F., Menzies B.: Inherent anisotropy in a sand. Geotechnique 22(2), 115–128 (1972)
Atkinson J.H., Richardson D., Stallebrass S.E.: Effect of recent stress history on the stiffness of overconsolidated soil. Geotechnique 40(4), 531–540 (1990)
Bjerrum, L., Krimgstad, S., Kummeneje, O.: The shear strength of a fine sand. In: Proceedings of 5th International Conference Soil Mechanics Found Engineering, vol. 1, pp. 29–37 (1961)
Canou, J., Thorel, L., De Laure, E.: Influence d’un déviateur de contrainte initial sur les caractéristiques de liquéfaction statique du sable. In: Proceedings of X ECSMFE, Firenze, vol. 1, pp. 49–52 (1991)
Daouadji A., Darve F., Al Gali H., Hicher P.Y., Laouafa F., Lignon S., Nicot F., Nova R., Pinheiro M., Prunier F., Sibille L., Wan R.: Diffuse failure in geomaterials: experiments, theory and modelling. Int. J. Num. Ana. Meth. Geom. 35(16), 1731–1773 (2011)
Darve F., Servant G., Laouafa F., Khoa H.D.V.: Failure in geomaterials: continuous and discrete analyses. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 193(27), 3057–3085 (2004)
Desrues J., Chambon R., Mokni M., Mazerolle F.: Void ratio evolution inside shear bands in triaxial sand specimens studied by computed tomography. Geotechnique 46(3), 527–546 (1996)
Di Prisco C., Matiotti R., Nova R.: Theorical investigation of the undrained stability of shallow submerged slopes. Geotechnique 45(3), 479–496 (1995)
Di Prisco C., Nova R., Lanier J.: A mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening constitutive law for sand. In: Kolymbas, D. (ed.) Modern Approaches to Plasticity, pp. 83–124. Balkema/Elsevier Science Publishers, Rotterdam (1993)
Doanh T., Dubujet Ph., Touron T.: Exploring the undrained induced anisotropy of Hostun RF loose sand. Acta Geotech 5(4), 239–256 (2010)
Doanh T., Finge Z., Boucq S.: Effects of previous deviatoric strain histories on the undrained behaviour of Hostun RF loose sand. Geotech. Geol. Eng. 30(4), 697–712 (2012)
Doanh T., Ibraim E.: Minimum undrained strength of Hostun RF. Geotechnique 50(4), 377–392 (2000)
Doanh T., Ibraim E., Matiotti R.: Undrained instability of very loose Hostun sand in triaxial compression and extension. Part 1: experimental observations. Mech. Cohesive Frict. Mater. 2(1), 47–70 (1997)
Finge, Z.: Contribution à à l’étude du comportement non drainé des sables lâches surconsolidés et anisotropes. Thèse de doctorat, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (2004)
Finge Z., Doanh T., Dubujet Ph.: Undrained anisotropy of Hostun RF loose sand: new experimental hints. Can. Geotech. J. 43(11), 1195–1212 (2006)
Flavigny E., Desrues J., Palayer B.: Le sable Hostun RF. Revue Française de Géotechnique 53, 67–69 (1990)
Frost J.D., Chen C.C., Park J.Y., Jang D.J.: Quantitative characterisation of microstructure evolution. In: Yamamuro, L. (ed.) Physics and Mechanics of Soil Liquefaction, pp. 169–177. Balkema, Rotterdam (1999)
Gajo A., Piffer L.: The effects of preloading history on the undrained behaviour of saturated loose sand. Soils Found. 39(6), 43–54 (1999)
Georgiannou V.N.: The undrained response of sands with additions of particles of various shapes and sizes. Geotechnique 56(9), 639–649 (2006)
Georgiannou V.N., Burland J.B., Hight D.W.: The undrained behaviour of clayey sands in triaxial compression and extension. Geotechnique 40(3), 431–449 (1990)
Graham J., Houlsby G.T.: Anisotropic elasticity of a natural clay. Geotechnique 33(2), 165–180 (1983)
Hall S.A., Bornert M., Desrues J., Pannier Y., Lenoir N., Viggiani G., Bésuelle P.: Discrete and continuum analysis of localised deformation in sand using X-ray μCT and volumetric digital image correlation. Geotechnique 60(5), 315–322 (2010)
Hareb, H.: Contribution à à l’étude des effets des histoires de préchargement sur le comportement à à la liquéfaction des sables très lâches. Thèse de doctorat, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (2009)
Hight D.W., Gens A., Symes M.J.: The development of a new hollow cylinder for investigating the effects of principal stress rotation in soils. Geotechnique 33(4), 355–384 (1983)
Hill R.: A general theory of uniqueness and stability in elastic plastic solids. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 6, 236–249 (1958)
Ibraim, E.: Différents aspects du comportement des sables à à partir des essais triaxiaux: des petites déformations à à la liquéfaction statique. Thèse de doctorat, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (1998)
Ishihara K.: Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1996)
Ishihara K., Okada S.: Yielding of overconsolidated sand and liquefaction model under cyclic stresses. Soils Found. 18(1), 57–72 (1978)
Kolymbas, D.: A constitutive Theory for Soils and Other Granular Materials. Habilitation thesis, University of Karlsruhe (1988)
Konrad J.M.: Undrained response of loosely compacted sands during monotonic and cyclic compression tests. Geotechnique 43(1), 69–89 (1993)
Ladd R.S.: Preparing test specimens using undercompaction. Geotech. Test. J. 1(1), 16–23 (1978)
Lade P.V., Duncan J.M.: Cubical triaxial tests on cohesionless soil. J. Soil Mech. Found. ASCE 99(10), 793–812 (1973)
Lade P.V., Nelson R.B., Ito Y.M.: Instability of granular materials with nonassociated flow. J. Eng. Mech. ASCE 114(12), 2173–2191 (1988)
Lade P.V., Yamamuro J.A.: Effects of nonplastic fines on static liquefaction of sands. Can. Geotech. J. 34, 918–928 (1997)
Lanier J., Di Prisco C., Nova R.: Etude expérimentale et analyse théorique de l’anisotropie induite du sable Hostun. Revue Française de Géotechnique 57, 59–74 (1993)
Luong M.P.: Etat caractéristiques du sol. Comptes Rendus de l’Academie des Sciences 287B, 305–307 (1978)
Matiotti R.: Analisi sperimentale del fenomeno della liquefazione statica delle sabbie sciolte e sue applicazioni numeriche. Phd thesis, Politechnico di Milano (1996)
Meghachou, M.: Stabilité des sables lâches: essais et modélisation. Thèse de doctorat, Université scientifique et médicale de Grenoble (1992)
Peyneau P.-E., Roux J.-N.: Solidlike behavior and anisotropy in rigid frictionless bead assemblies. Phys. Rev. E 78(4), 041307–041320 (2008). doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78.041307
Poorooshasb H.B., Holubec I., Sherbourne A.N.: Yielding and flow of sand in triaxial compression: part 1. Can. Geotech. J. 3(4), 179–190 (1966)
Reza Imam S.M., Mordenstern N.R., Robertson P.K., Chan D.H.: Yielding and flow liquefaction of loose sand. Soils Found. 42(3), 19–31 (2002)
Skempton A.W., Taylor R.N.: The pore pressure coefficients A and B. Geotechnique 4(4), 143–147 (1954)
Stallebrass S.E., Taylor R.N.: The development and evaluation of a constitutive model for the prediction of ground movements in overconsolidated clay. Geotechnique 47(2), 235–254 (1997)
Tatsuoka F., Ishihara K.: Yielding of sand in triaxial compression. Soils Found. 14(2), 63–76 (1974)
Tatsuoka F., Sato T., Park C.S., Kim Y.S., Mukabi J.N., Kohata Y.: Measurements of elastic properties of geomaterials in laboratory compression tests. Geotech. Test. J. 17(1), 80–94 (1994)
Vaid Y.P., Chung E.K.F., Kuerbis R.H.: Preshearing and undrained response of sands. Soils Found. 29(4), 49–61 (1989)
Wood, D.M.: General report: evaluation of material properties. In: Miura, S., Shibuya, S. Mitachi, T. (eds.) Proceedings of Pre-Failure Deformation of Geomaterials Sapporo, pp. 1179–1199 (1994)
Yague, T.: Mécanisme de préchargement drainé sur le sable très lâche d’Hostun. Master de recherche, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (2008)
Yamada S., Takamori T., Sato K.: Effects on reliquefaction resistance produced by changes in anisotropy during liquefaction. Soils Found. 50(1), 9–25 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hareb, H., Doanh, T. Probing into the strain induced anisotropy of Hostun RF loose sand. Granular Matter 14, 589–605 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-012-0362-z
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-012-0362-z