Abstract
Cerebral edema is associated with common brain tumors. Aquaporine-4 (AQP4) is a member of the water channel protein family, which is thought to be a major factor regulating cerebral edema. To elucidate the characterization of the expression of AQP4 and the relationship of the expression of VEGF, we investigated the expression of AQP4 in tumors of the central nervous system immunohistochemically. Brain tumors and nontumorous cerebral tissue for control were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining using anti-AQP4, VEGF, CD34, and MIB-1. In tumor cells, only glial tumor cells showed a positive reaction for AQP4. The reactivities for immunostaining increased according to WHO grades. Reactive glial cells in edematous tissue also showed positive reactions. Although endothelial cells were negative and/or weakly positive for AQP4, the positive relationship suggested the expression of VEGF in endothelial cells in neovasculature and that of AQP 4 in tumor cells. APQ4 expression increased in human astrocytic tumors and edematous cerebral tissue. Upregulation of APQ4 by tumor cells and reactive astroglia were major factors of cerebral edema.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
MC Papadopoulos S Saadoun DC Davis et al. (2001) ArticleTitleEmerging molecular mechanisms of brain tumor oedema Br J Neurosurg 15 101–108 Occurrence Handle11360371 Occurrence Handle10.1080/02688690120036775 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3nsVWisg%3D%3D
AS Verkman (1996) ArticleTitleWater transport across mammalian membranes Am J Physiol 48 C12–C30
LS King P Agre (1996) ArticleTitlePathophyology of the aquaporin water channels Annu Rev Physiol 58 619–648 Occurrence Handle8815812 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.ph.58.030196.003155 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhvVaht7o%3D
S Nielsen EA Nagelhus M Amiry-Moghaddam et al. (1997) ArticleTitleSpecialized membranes domains for water transport in glial cells: high-resolution immunogold cytochemistry of aquaporin-4 in rat brain J Neurosci 17 171–180 Occurrence Handle8987746 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXms1Sn
ML Vizuete JL Venero C Vargas et al. (1999) ArticleTitleDifferential upregulation of aquaporin-4 mRNS expression in reactive astrocytes after brain injury: potential role in brain oedema Neurobiol Dis 4 245–258 Occurrence Handle10.1006/nbdi.1999.0246
M Taniguchi T Yamashita E Kumura et al. (2000) ArticleTitleInduction of aquaporin-4 water channel mRNA after focal cerebral ischemia in rat Mol Brain Res 78 131–137 Occurrence Handle10891592 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-328X(00)00084-X Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXks12qs70%3D
GT Manley M Fujimura T Ma et al. (2000) ArticleTitleaquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces brain edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke Nat Med 6 159–163 Occurrence Handle10655103 Occurrence Handle10.1038/72256 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXosFyqtA%3D%3D
S Saadoun MC Papadopoulos DC Davies et al. (2002) ArticleTitleAquaporin-4 expression is increased in oedematous human brain tumours J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72 262–265 Occurrence Handle11796780 Occurrence Handle10.1136/jnnp.72.2.262 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FntVOjtw%3D%3D
A Warth S Kroeger H Wolburg (2004) ArticleTitleRedistribution of aquaporin-4 in human glioblastoma correlates with loss of agrin immunoreactivity from brain capillary basal lamina Acta Neuropathol 107 311–318 Occurrence Handle14735305 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00401-003-0812-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXitFCnsbk%3D
H Hu H Yao W Zhang et al. (2005) ArticleTitleIncreased expression of aquaporin-4 in human traumatic brain tumors J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 6 33–37 Occurrence Handle15593389 Occurrence Handle10.1631/jzus.2005.B0033 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhvFKqtrg%3D
Y Takekawa T Sawada (1998) ArticleTitleVascular endothelial growth factor and neovascularization in astrocytic tumors Pathol Int 48 109–114 Occurrence Handle9589474 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c3ltFekuw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03879.x
WHO Classification of Tumours of the Nervous System (2000) In: Kleihues P, Cavenee WK (eds) World Health Organization classification of Tumours: pathology and genetics of tumours of the nervous system. IARC, Lyon, pp 6–7
N Yamamoto K Sobue T Miyachi et al. (2001) ArticleTitleDifferential regulation of aquaporin expression in astrocytes by protein kinase C Mol Brain Res 95 110–116 Occurrence Handle11687282 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-328X(01)00254-6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnvFCltrY%3D
K Oshino DK Binder Y Liang et al. (2005) ArticleTitleExpression of the aquaporin-1 water channel in human gloal tumor Neurosurgery 56 375–381 Occurrence Handle10.1227/01.NEU.0000148904.57841.6B
T Sawada Y Kato N Sakayori et al. (1999) ArticleTitleExpression of the multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (Pgp MDR-1) by endothelial cells of neovasculature in central nervous system Brain Tumor Pathol 16 23–28 Occurrence Handle10532420 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02478898 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FgtVahsg%3D%3D
T Sawada Y Kato M Kobayash N Takekawa (2000) ArticleTitleImmunohistochemical study of tight junction-related protein in neovasculature in astrocytic tumor Brain Tumor Pathol 17 IssueID1 1–6 Occurrence Handle10982003 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02478911
A Bragg M Amiry-Moghaddam OP Ottersen et al. (2006) ArticleTitleAssembly of a perivascular astrocytes protein scaffold at the mammalian blood–brain barrier is dependent on α-syntrophin Glia 53 879–890 Occurrence Handle16609960 Occurrence Handle10.1002/glia.20347
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sawada, T., Kato, Y. & Kobayashi, M. Expression of aquaporine-4 in central nervous system tumors. Brain Tumor Pathol 24, 81–84 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10014-007-0216-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10014-007-0216-2