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Fabrication parameter-dependent morphologies of self-organized ZrO2 nanotubes during anodization

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Abstract

Zirconia (ZrO2) nanotubes have been synthesized using a facile anodizing process in organic electrolyte systems containing a low content of fluoride. The nanotube architecture evolution was recorded at different anodization periods (1–24 h) by scanning electron microscopy. A compact layer was found between the Zr substrate and its upper tubular layer after 1 h of anodization, whereas after further anodization for 3 h the compact layer disappeared. Meanwhile, ZrO2 nanotubes turned to a uniform structure from top to bottom. However, after 18–24-h-long anodization, the uniform tubular layer was replaced by a random layer composed of various structural defects. Since the compact layer was not completely dissolved, the retained compact layer yielded O-rings with double walls on the outer surface of the nanotubes.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50772133), Innovation Projects for Graduates of Center South University (No. LA09014), and Scholarship Award for Excellent Doctoral Student granted by Ministry of Education of China (No. 1343–7113400102).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Lab of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, 430073, Wuhan, China

    Dong Fang & Weilin Xu

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China

    Dong Fang, Jingang Yu, Suqin Liu & Kelong Huang

  3. Microscopy and Imaging Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Zhiping Luo

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  1. Dong Fang
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  2. Jingang Yu
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  4. Suqin Liu
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  5. Kelong Huang
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  6. Weilin Xu
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Correspondence to Suqin Liu.

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Fang, D., Yu, J., Luo, Z. et al. Fabrication parameter-dependent morphologies of self-organized ZrO2 nanotubes during anodization. J Solid State Electrochem 16, 1219–1228 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1516-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1516-3

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