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Electrochemical characterization of praseodymium centers in Pr x Zr1−x O2 zirconias using electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis

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Abstract

The voltammetry of nanoparticles and scanning electrochemical microscopy are applied to characterize praseodymium centers in tetragonal and monoclinic zirconias, doped with praseodymium ions (Pr x Zr1−x O2), prepared via sol–gel routes. Doped zirconia nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol–gel liquid-phase route and characterized by different techniques, including X-ray diffraction powder pattern, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Gels annealed at around 400 °C yielded tetragonal Pr x Zr1−x O2 phases. The monoclinic forms of Pr-doped ZrO2 were obtained by annealing at temperatures higher than 1,100 °C. TEM micrographs proved that the size of the nanoparticles produced was dependent on their crystalline form, around 15 and 60 nm for tetragonal and monoclinic, respectively. The electrochemical study confirmed that a relatively high content of praseodymium cation was in the chemical state (IV), i.e., as Pr4+, in both zirconia host lattices. The catalytic and photocatalytic effects of Pr4+ centers located in the monoclinic zirconia lattice on nitrite reduction and oxygen evolution reaction were studied.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Innovation through the program Consolider 2010 (Project CSD2010-00065) and MEC Project CTQ2006-15672-C05-05/BQU, supported with ERDF funds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain

    Antonio Doménech

  2. Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain

    Noemí Montoya & Javier Alarcón

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Doménech, A., Montoya, N. & Alarcón, J. Electrochemical characterization of praseodymium centers in Pr x Zr1−x O2 zirconias using electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis. J Solid State Electrochem 16, 963–975 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1470-0

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