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Transcriptional analysis of dynamic heat-shock response by the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima

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Abstract

The thermal stress response of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima was characterized using a 407-open reading frame-targeted cDNA microarray. Transient gene expression was followed for 90 min, following a shift from 80°C to 90°C. While some aspects of mesophilic heat-shock response were conserved in T. maritima, genome content suggested differentiating features that were borne out by transcriptional analysis. Early induction of predicted heat-shock operons hrcA-grpE-dnaJ (TM0851-TM0850-TM0849), groES-groEL (TM0505-TM0506), and dnaK-sHSP (TM0373-TM0374) was consistent with conserved CIRCE elements upstream of hrcA and groES. Induction of the T. maritima rpoE/sigW and rpoD/sigA homologs suggests a mechanism for global heat-shock response in the absence of an identifiable ortholog to a major heat-shock sigma factor. In contrast to heat-shock response in Escherichia coli, the majority of genes encoding ATP-dependent proteases were downregulated, including clpP (TM0695), clpQ (TM0521), clpY (TM0522), lonA (TM1633), and lonB (TM1869). Notably, T. maritima showed indications of a late heat-shock response with the induction of a marR homolog (TM0816), several other putative transcriptional regulators (TM1023, TM1069), and two α-glucosidases (TM0434 and TM1068). Taken together, the results reported here indicate that, while T. maritima shares core elements of the bacterial heat-shock response with mesophiles, the thermal stress regulatory strategies of this organism differ significantly. However, it remains to be elucidated whether these differences are related to thermophilicity or phylogenetic placement.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the Department of Energy (Energy Biosciences Program). S.B.C. acknowledges support from an NIEHS bioinformatics traineeship. M.R.J. acknowledges support from a GAANN fellowship. The authors wish to thank R. Wolfinger and K. Scott, SAS Institute, Cary, N.C., for help with implementing the mixed model analysis.

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  1. Marybeth A. Pysz

    Present address: Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA

  2. Donald E. Ward

    Present address: Genencor International Incorporated, 925 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1013, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA

    Marybeth A. Pysz, Donald E. Ward, Keith R. Shockley, Clemente I. Montero, Shannon B. Conners, Matthew R. Johnson & Robert M. Kelly

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  1. Marybeth A. Pysz
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Correspondence to Robert M. Kelly.

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Communicated by J.N. Reeve

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Pysz, M.A., Ward, D.E., Shockley, K.R. et al. Transcriptional analysis of dynamic heat-shock response by the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima . Extremophiles 8, 209–217 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-004-0379-2

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