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Desulfurobacterium crinifex sp. nov., a novel thermophilic, pinkish-streamer forming, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from a Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal vent and amendment of the genus Desulfurobacterium

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Abstract

A novel thermophilic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium, designated as NE1206T, was isolated from a Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal vent sample (tubes of the annelid polychaete Paralvinella sulfincola attached to small pieces of hydrothermal chimney). The cells were rod-shaped (1.2–3.5×0.4–0.7 μm), occurring as single motile rods or forming macroscopic aggregates visible as pinkish to brownish streamers. The new isolate was anaerobic. It grew between 50 and 70 °C (optimum 60–65 °C; doubling time approximately 1 h 15 min at 60 °C), between pH 5.0 and 7.5 (optimum pH around 6.0–6.5) and at sea salts concentrations between 20 and 40 g l−1 (optimum 30 g l−1). Cells grew chemolithoautotrophically in an H2/CO2 atmosphere (80/20, v/v; 200 kPa). Molecular hydrogen was the sole electron donor used by the strain. Nitrate and elemental sulfur served as electron acceptors, yielding ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, respectively (nitrate reduction supported higher growth rates than sulfur reduction). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.7±0.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene located the strain within the genus Desulfurobacterium. However, the novel isolate possesses physiological and biochemical characteristics that differ from the previously described species of this genus. We propose that the isolate represents a novel species, Desulfurobacterium crinifex sp. nov. The type strain is NE1206T (DSM 15218T, CIP 107649T). An amendment of the genus Desulfurobacterium description is proposed, based on the phenotypic characteristics of the novel species.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Prof. H. Trüper (University of Bonn, Germany) for correction of the etymology of the new species. We are grateful to Christian Jeanthon and Stéphane L'Haridon for stimulating and critical discussions. We acknowledge the officers and crew of the R/V Brown and the ROV Ropos operations team. We thank the 'Service de microscopie électronique', IFR de biologie intégrative, CNRS/Paris VI, for transmission electron microscopy. This work was financially supported by Ifremer, Programme Dorsales, Région Bretagne, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The GenBank/EMBL accession number for the 16S rDNA is AJ507320.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, Département de Valorisation des Produits, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280, Plouzané, France

    Karine Alain, Sophie Rolland, Françoise Lesongeur, Anne Godfroy, Antoine Page, Marie-Anne Cambon-Bonavita & Joël Querellou

  2. Département Environnement Profond, Plouzané, France

    Philippe Crassous & Christian le Gall

  3. Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire du Développement, Paris, France

    Magali Zbinden

  4. Geotop and Département des Sciences Biologiques, Montréal, Canada

    Antoine Page & S. Kim Juniper

  5. Laboratoire de Microbiologie Industrielle, Reims, France

    Francis Duchiron

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  1. Karine Alain
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  2. Sophie Rolland
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  10. Marie-Anne Cambon-Bonavita
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Correspondence to Karine Alain.

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Communicated by G. Antranikian

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Alain, K., Rolland, S., Crassous, P. et al. Desulfurobacterium crinifex sp. nov., a novel thermophilic, pinkish-streamer forming, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from a Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal vent and amendment of the genus Desulfurobacterium . Extremophiles 7, 361–370 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-003-0329-4

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