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The role of abnormal neural oscillations in the pathophysiology of co-occurring Tourette syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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Abstract

Objective

To examine the role of aberrant neural oscillatory activity in the pathophysiology of co-occurring Tourette Syndrome (TS) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Method

Neural oscillations refer to periodic variations in the recording of neural activity. The temporal synchronization of oscillations represents a mechanism of neural communication implicated in normal brain functioning as well as psychopathology. We reviewed physiological, imaging, and neuropsychological evidence that tics and symptoms of ADHD may result from abnormal oscillatory activity in the brain.

Results

Structural and functional abnormalities in the cortical–striatal–thalamo–cortical circuits may result in the disruption of oscillatory activity within the basal ganglia of individuals with TS and lead to transient hyperpolarization of selected thalamocortical regions. Extended to TS plus ADHD this or similar mechanisms, in turn, would lead to the dysrhythmia of particular vulnerable cortical regions and give rise to various deficits in motor control (TS + ADHD) as well as impulsivity and attention (ADHD). Compensatory systems within the prefrontal cortex could be activated and trained to modulate the misguided striatal and thalamocortical oscillations.

Conclusions

Although it is highly likely that abnormal neural oscillations have a prominent role in co-occurrence of TS + ADHD, its final relevance in this case deserves further differentiated research (i.e. oscillatory networks disentangled from other neuropsychiatric disorders).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA

    Denis G. Sukhodolsky PhD, James F. Leckman MD & Lawrence Scahill MSN, PhD

  2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany

    Aribert Rothenberger MD

  3. Yale School of Nursing, New Haven, USA

    Lawrence Scahill MSN, PhD

Authors
  1. Denis G. Sukhodolsky PhD
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  2. James F. Leckman MD
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  3. Aribert Rothenberger MD
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  4. Lawrence Scahill MSN, PhD
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Correspondence to Denis G. Sukhodolsky PhD.

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Sukhodolsky, D.G., Leckman, J.F., Rothenberger, A. et al. The role of abnormal neural oscillations in the pathophysiology of co-occurring Tourette syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 16 (Suppl 1), 51–59 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-007-1007-3

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