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Combined effect of starch and sucrose on carbonic anhydrase VI activity in saliva and biofilm of children with early childhood caries. Exposure to starch and sucrose alters carbonic anhydrase VI activity in saliva and biofilm

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate whether combined exposure to starch and sucrose modifies the activity of carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) in saliva (Study 1) and biofilm (Study 2) of children with early childhood caries (ECC).

Material and methods

For Study 1 and Study 2, respectively, 54 and 46 preschoolers aged 4 to 5 were allocated into two groups: caries-free (CF) and with ECC. Children were exposed to rinses with sucrose, starch, and sucrose plus starch solutions. CA VI activity, pH, and buffering capacity (BC) were evaluated in saliva and biofilm.

Results

In Study 1, a significant reduction in saliva pH was observed after sucrose and sucrose plus starch rinses. CA VI activity was influenced by ECC independently of the type of carbohydrate to which children were exposed. CA VI activity was higher in children with ECC; however, after rinses, CA VI activity was reduced. In Study 2, biofilm pH and BC were reduced after rinses with sucrose and sucrose plus starch. CA VI activity was significantly high before rinse in ECC group when compared with CF group; however, no difference was observed between groups after rinses.

Conclusions

In saliva, exposure to starch and sucrose (isolated or combined) induced a reduction in CA VI activity in children with ECC. In biofilm, the combination of starch and sucrose did not modify CA VI activity in ECC children.

Clinical relevance

The responsivity of the CA VI reflects directly in important parameters related to the pH maintenance on the oral cavity.

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Acknowledgments

This study was based on a thesis submitted to the Piracicaba Dental School-UNICAMP/Brazil, to obtain a Ph.D. degree in Odontology. The authors thank CNPq (National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development) for awarding a Ph.D. grant to the first author. We especially thank all preschoolers and their parents for their valuable participation in this study.

Funding

This work was supported by the FAPESP [grant number 2017/17630-8].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    Emerson Tavares de Sousa, Aline Tavares Lima-Holanda, Luciana Solera Sales & Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos

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  1. Emerson Tavares de Sousa
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  2. Aline Tavares Lima-Holanda
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  3. Luciana Solera Sales
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  4. Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos
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Correspondence to Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was conducted under the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. The Research Ethics Committee of the Piracicaba Dental School—University of Campinas approved this research (CAAE: 70777517.9.0000.5418).

Informed consent

Parents or guardians who agreed with the participation of their children in this research signed a free informed consent. The selected preschoolers also gave their permission to take part in this study.

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de Sousa, E.T., Lima-Holanda, A.T., Sales, L.S. et al. Combined effect of starch and sucrose on carbonic anhydrase VI activity in saliva and biofilm of children with early childhood caries. Exposure to starch and sucrose alters carbonic anhydrase VI activity in saliva and biofilm. Clin Oral Invest 25, 2555–2568 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03567-z

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