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Orofacial manifestations in outpatients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa focusing on the vomiting behavior

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Abstract

Objective

This case-control study aims to evaluate the oral health status and orofacial problems in a group of outpatients with eating disorders (ED)—either anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN)—further focusing on the influence of vomit.

Materials and methods

Fifty-five women outpatients with AN or BN diagnosis were invited to participate, of which 33 agreed. ED outpatients and matched controls were submitted to a questionnaire and clinical oral examination.

Results

Multivariate analysis identified a significantly higher incidence of teeth-related complications (i.e., tooth decay, dental erosion, and self-reported dentin hypersensitivity), periodontal disease, salivary alterations (i.e., hyposalivation and xerostomia), and oral mucosa-related complications in ED outpatients. Dental erosion, self-reported dentin hypersensitivity, hyposalivation, xerostomia, and angular cheilitis were found to be highly correlated with the vomiting behavior.

Conclusions

ED outpatients were found to present a higher incidence of oral-related complications and an inferior oral health status, compared to gender- and age-matched controls. Alterations verified within outpatients were acknowledged to be quite similar to those previously reported within inpatients, in both of nature and severity, thus sustaining that the cranio-maxillofacial region is significantly affected by ED, even in the early/milder forms of the condition, as expectedly verified within outpatients.

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Funding

The work was supported by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Maria Lourenço & Álvaro Azevedo

  2. Faculty of Medicine, U. Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Isabel Brandão

  3. Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Pedro S. Gomes

  4. REQUIMTE/LAQV, U. Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Pedro S. Gomes

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  1. Maria Lourenço
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  2. Álvaro Azevedo
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  3. Isabel Brandão
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  4. Pedro S. Gomes
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Correspondence to Pedro S. Gomes.

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All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in this study involving human participants was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Lourenço, M., Azevedo, Á., Brandão, I. et al. Orofacial manifestations in outpatients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa focusing on the vomiting behavior. Clin Oral Invest 22, 1915–1922 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2284-y

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