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Comparison between inflammation-related markers in peri-implant crevicular fluid and clinical parameters during osseointegration in edentulous jaws

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An Erratum to this article was published on 04 September 2017

This article has been updated

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study is to improve the understanding of interleukin mechanisms during osseointegration to enhance the monitoring of implant failure and success. Clinical parameters, implant stability, and cytokine levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) during early bone healing after implant placement were investigated.

Material and methods

Sixty narrow implants were placed in mandible anterior region of 30 edentulous patients (67.23 ± 7.66 years). Bone type, insertion torque, and primary stability were registered during surgery. Clinical measurements of peri-implant health and the secondary implant stability quotient (ISQ) were recorded. Samples from the PICF were collected 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery and analyzed for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels using ELISAs.

Results

The gingival index increased significantly during the first week (p = 0.05), while the plaque index increased significantly between 4 to 8 and 8 to 12 weeks (p < 0.05). The probing depth and the ISQ also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) over time. The TNF-α release increased significantly after the 2nd week for non-atrophic patients and 4th week for atrophic patients (p < 0.05). The IL-1β concentrations showed a short-lived peak after 1st week (p = 0.003), specially in atrophic patients and sites with bone type I (p = 0.034; p = 0.007). The IL-6 concentrations peaked during the 1st and 2nd weeks (p < 0.05; p = 0.005) in atrophic patients and in bone type II (p = 0.023; p = 0.003). The IL-10 concentrations increased gradually over time, showing the highest concentrations at the 12th week (p < 0.005). A total of 12 implants failed at different periods.

Conclusion

While the clinical measurements presented differences between the evaluation periods, these were not indicative of early dental implant failure or peri-implant diseases. Smoking, bone atrophy, and bone type can greatly influence the cytokines concentrations during the healing time.

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Change history

  • 04 September 2017

    An erratum to this article has been published.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Neodent for supplying the dental implants used in the study. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

    Amália M Bielemann

  2. Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Raissa M Marcello-Machado

  3. Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Fábio Renato Manzolli Leite

  4. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Frederico Canato Martinho

  5. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

    Otacílio Luiz Chagas-Júnior

  6. Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil

    Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury

  7. Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Gonçalves Chaves Street 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil

    Fernanda Faot

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  1. Amália M Bielemann
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Correspondence to Fernanda Faot.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

There was no grant support or funding for this study.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of School of Dentistry (Number 1.267.086/2015), Federal University of Pelotas. Patients and their families or legal representatives provided signed written informed consent.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

The original version of this article was revised: the results of the cytokine analyses (page 5 and Table 3) should be referred to as “median” instead of “means”. In addition, the significant differences between the categorized groups in the Figs. 1–4 were indicated by asterisks, but these asterisks disappeared during the conversion of the figures’ source files.

An erratum to this article is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2191-2.

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Bielemann, A.M., Marcello-Machado, R.M., Leite, F.R.M. et al. Comparison between inflammation-related markers in peri-implant crevicular fluid and clinical parameters during osseointegration in edentulous jaws. Clin Oral Invest 22, 531–543 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2169-0

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