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The influence of implantoplasty on the diameter, chemical surface composition, and biocompatibility of titanium implants

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Abstract

Objectives

The objective of the study was to assess the influence of implantoplasty (IP) on the diameter, chemical surface composition, and biocompatibility of titanium implants in vitro.

Material and methods

Twenty soft tissue-level (TL; machined transmucosal—M and rough endosseous part—SLA) and 20 bone-level (BL; SLA) implants were allocated to IP covering 3 or 6 mm of the structured surface (SLA) area. The samples were subjected to diameter, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and cell viability (ginigval fibroblasts, 6 days) assessments.

Results

Median diameter reductions varied between 0.1 (TL 3 mm) and 0.2 mm (TL 6 mm). EDX analysis revealed that IP and M surfaces were characterized by a comparable quantity (Wt%) of elements C, O, Na, Cl, K, and Si, but a significantly different quantity of elements Ti and Al. When compared to SLA surfaces, significant differences were noted for elements C, O, Na, Ti, and Al. At BL implants, the extension of IP (i.e., 3 to 6 mm) was associated with a significant increase in cell viability.

Conclusions

IP applied to SLA implants was associated with (i) a minimal diameter reduction, (ii) an undisturbed cell viability, and (iii) a chemical elemental composition comparable to M surfaces.

Clinical relevance

This specific IP procedure appears to be suitable for the management of exposed SLA implant surfaces.

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Acknowledgements

The authors kindly appreciate the skills and commitment of Dr. Daniel Martens (performing the implantoplasty) and Ms Tina Hagena (in vitro analyses) (both Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Frank Schwarz, Gordon John & Jürgen Becker

Authors
  1. Frank Schwarz
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  2. Gordon John
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  3. Jürgen Becker
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gordon John.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The study was self-funded by the Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Germany. The titanium implants were kindly provided by the Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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Schwarz, F., John, G. & Becker, J. The influence of implantoplasty on the diameter, chemical surface composition, and biocompatibility of titanium implants. Clin Oral Invest 21, 2355–2361 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-2030-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-2030-x

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