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Evaluation of cavity wall adaptation of bulk esthetic materials to restore class II cavities in primary molars

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Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of the study was to assess the cavity wall adaptation and gap formation of a bulk fill composite resin and reinforced conventional glass ionomer cement and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement in class II restorations on primary molars.

Materials and methods

Standardized class II slot cavity preparations were prepared in exfoliating primary molars. Teeth were restored with one of the three tested materials (n = 10): SonicFill bulk fill composite resin (SF), EQUIA Fil conventional reinforced glass ionomer cement (EQF), and Vitremer resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement (VT). Cavity wall adaptation of the restorations was investigated by computerized X-ray micro-tomography and the percentage void volume fraction (%VVF) was calculated. Same specimens were sectioned and the interfaces were evaluated by reflection optical microscopy to measure the percentage linear length (%LD) of the interfacial gaps. Samples were further evaluated by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM).

Results

EQF and SF showed significantly lower %VVF and %LD values than VT (p < 0.05). This was in accordance with ESEM findings where VT illustrated extended interfacial gaps.

Conclusions

SF and EQF showed better cavity wall adaptation than VT in class II restorations on primary molars.

Clinical relevance

High-strength conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC EQF) and bulk fill composite SF requiring fewer application steps and reduced operating time than the traditional composite resin materials showed good cavity wall adaptation. Short operating time and good cavity wall adaptation are advantages of the materials in restorative and pediatric dentistry, especially while working on children with limited attention span.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by the College of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Sharjah research grant, Project No. 141014. The authors are grateful to Mr. Petros Tsakiridis (technical assistant, Department of Biomaterials, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece) for his assistance in the micro-XCT evaluation of the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, M-28 135, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

    Maria D. Gaintantzopoulou & Vellore K. Gopinath

  2. Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Spiros Zinelis

Authors
  1. Maria D. Gaintantzopoulou
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  2. Vellore K. Gopinath
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  3. Spiros Zinelis
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria D. Gaintantzopoulou.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The work was supported by the College of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Sharjah in United Arab Emirates.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. For the collection of the exfoliating primary molars, ethical approval was taken by the Ethical and Research Committee of the University of Sharjah protocol (141014). All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all patients’ parents for the collection of the exfoliating primary molars used in this study.

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Gaintantzopoulou, M.D., Gopinath, V.K. & Zinelis, S. Evaluation of cavity wall adaptation of bulk esthetic materials to restore class II cavities in primary molars. Clin Oral Invest 21, 1063–1070 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1848-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1848-6

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