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Effects of periodontal therapy on serum lipid profile and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis and hyperlipidemia may have any influence on plasma lipids and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.

Material and methods

We randomly assigned 109 patients with hyperlipidemia and chronic periodontitis into group 1 (n = 55) and group 2 (n = 54). Patients in group 1 underwent a standard cycle of supragingival mechanical scaling and polishing. Patients in group 2 underwent the adjunctive full-mouth intensive removal of subgingival dental plaque biofilms with the use of scaling and root planning. Periodontal parameters, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TRG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-1β(IL-1β), and IL-6 were evaluated before treatment and 2 and 6 months after treatment.

Results

Two and 6 months after treatment, TRG levels were significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1 (P < 0.05), and the levels of HDL-C were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Two and 6 months after therapy, the levels of TNF-α were significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1 (P < 0.05), as were the levels of IL-1β (P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Intensive periodontal treatment of participants with hyperlipidemia and chronic periodontitis improved serum lipid levels and decreased circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.

Clinical relevance

This study showed that intensive treatment of periodontitis results in an improvement in serum lipid levels and a decrease in serum proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients with periodontitis and hyperlipidemia. These findings may contribute to present knowledge that periodontal therapy may be beneficial for individuals with hyperlipidemia.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Yan-Hui Li for her help with statistical analyses. This study was self-funded by the authors and their institutions. Mr. Fu is the major person to complete this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stomatology, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, 222002, Jiangsu Province, China

    Yong-Wei Fu, Xiang-Xin Li, Hong-Zhi Xu, Yong-Qing Gong & Yan Yang

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  1. Yong-Wei Fu
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  2. Xiang-Xin Li
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  3. Hong-Zhi Xu
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  4. Yong-Qing Gong
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  5. Yan Yang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yong-Wei Fu.

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Compliance with ethical standards

The protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City. After being informed on the purpose of the study, the patients signed informed consent forms. Research was conducted according to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki on experimentation involving human subjects.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Fu, YW., Li, XX., Xu, HZ. et al. Effects of periodontal therapy on serum lipid profile and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Invest 20, 1263–1269 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1621-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1621-2

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