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World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI: a systematic review of medication-induced salivary gland dysfunction: prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment

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Abstract

Objectives

Medication-induced salivary gland dysfunction (MISGD) causes significant morbidity resulting in decreased quality of life. This systematic review assessed the literature on the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of MISGD.

Materials and methods

Electronic databases were searched for articles related to MISGD through June 2013. Four independent reviewers extracted information regarding study design, study population, interventions, outcomes, and conclusions for each article. Only papers with acceptable degree of relevance, quality of methodology, and strength of evidence were retained for further analysis.

Results

There were limited data on the epidemiology of MISGD. Furthermore, various methods were used to assess salivary flow rate or xerostomia. Preventive and therapeutic strategies included substitution of medications, oral, or systemic therapy with sialogogues, use of saliva substitutes or of electro-stimulating devices. Although there are promising approaches to improve salivary gland function, most studies are characterized by small numbers and heterogeneous methods.

Conclusions

Physicians and dentists should identify the medications associated with xerostomia and salivary gland dysfunction through a thorough medical history. Preferably, health care providers should measure the unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rates of all their patients so that these values can be used as a baseline to rate the complaints of patients who subsequently claim to experience xerostomia or salivary gland dysfunction as well as the possibilities of effectively treating this condition.

Clinical relevance

MISGD remains a major burden for the population. This systematic review provides a contemporary in-depth description of the diagnosis and treatment of MISGD.

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Acknowledgments

Our sponsors, American Academy of Oral Medicine, Biocosmetics, patients of Dr. David Sirois, European Association of Oral Medicine, Johnson and Johnson, The Oral Cancer Foundation, Unilever, and Elsevier are gratefully acknowledged for their unrestricted educational grants to help us hold the 2014 World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI meeting in Orlando.

Compliance with ethical standards

The authors declare that in preparing this manuscript, they have complied with all relevant and known ethical standards.

Conflict of interest

Andy Wolff owns stock in Saliwell Ltd. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA

    Alessandro Villa

  2. Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Saliwell Ltd, 65 Hatamar St., 60917, Harutzim, Israel

    Andy Wolff

  3. The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

    Doron Aframian

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Arjan Vissink

  5. Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Jörgen Ekström

  6. Dental Institute, King’s College London, London, UK

    Gordon Proctor

  7. College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA

    Richard McGowan & Alexander Ross Kerr

  8. Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, UNMC, Lincoln, NE, USA

    Nagamani Narayana

  9. Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania

    Ardita Aliko

  10. Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Ardita Aliko

  11. McGill University, Quebec, QC, Canada

    Ying Wai Sia

  12. DAPMRV Dental College,, Bangalore, India

    Revan Kumar Joshi

  13. Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Siri Beier Jensen & Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen

  14. Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Colin Dawes

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  1. Alessandro Villa
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Correspondence to Andy Wolff.

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Villa, A., Wolff, A., Aframian, D. et al. World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI: a systematic review of medication-induced salivary gland dysfunction: prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment. Clin Oral Invest 19, 1563–1580 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1488-2

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