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In situ remineralization of white-spot enamel lesions by 500 and 1,100 ppm F dentifrices

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization potential of three silica-containing NaF dentifrice systems in an intraoral model. Subjects (N = 30) in this randomized, three-phase, 28-day, crossover study served as their own control. Each participant wore a customized orthodontic appliance attached to a mandibular molar and contained one tooth block with caries-like lesion. For each phase, participants engaged in twice-daily brushing for 2 min with one of the following dentifrices: 500 ppm F, 500 ppm F plus functionalized β-tricalcium phosphate (fTCP), and a clinically proven 1,100 ppm F. After each phase, appliances were removed, and specimens were analyzed using surface microhardness (SMH), transverse microradiography (TMR), and cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH). Statistically significant (p < 0.05) remineralization of white-spot lesions relative to baseline occurred for each dentifrice as determined with SMH and TMR. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in SMH were found among the three groups, but trending revealed the 500 ppm F plus fTCP produced 26% and 27% greater SMH recovery relative to 500 and 1,100 ppm F, respectively. Similarly, no significant differences (p > 0.05) in TMR were found among the groups. However, the 500 ppm F plus fTCP dentifrice produced 10% and 38% greater mineral recovery relative to 500 and 1,100 ppm F, respectively, while reducing the lesion depth 30% and 52%, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in CSMH existed among the three dentifice groups at different enamel depths, but statistical differences (p < 0.05) in relative lesion size were only found between 500 ppm F plus fTCP and 500 ppm F. The combination of fTCP and fluoride in a single-compartment, water-based dentifrice can cooperate with fluoride to produce significant remineralization. These results suggest that the combination of 500 ppm F with fTCP may provide comparable anticaries benefits relative to a 1,100 ppm F dentifrice.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by a Small Business Innovation Research grant (R43DE020998) from the National Institutes of Health’s Office of the Director and National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research. We thank GlaxoSmithKline (especially Dr. Christabel Fowler) for providing the dentifrices used in this study.

Conflict of interest/disclosure

Indiana Nanotech provided coded dentifrice formulations to UTHSCSA, who remained blinded to the dentifrice identifications throughout the course of the study and specimen analyses. Dr. Bennett T. Amaechi is an Associate Professor and Director of Cariology in the Department of Comprehensive Dentistry at UTHSCSA, and was principal investigator for the design and execution of this in situ study. Drs. Poornima K. Mensinkai, Renzo A. Ccahuana-Vasquez, and Irene Chedjieu are research staff of Dr. Amaechi. At Indiana Nanotech, Mr. Mackey is the Quality Director and Laboratory Manager, Dr. Robert L. Karlinsey is the CEO and Principle Investigator, and Trenton J. Walker and Douglas D. Blanken are research technicians.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cariology Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, MC 7914, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA

    Poornima K. Mensinkai, Renzo A. Ccahuana-Vasquez, Irene Chedjieu & Bennett T. Amaechi

  2. Indiana Nanotech, 351 West 10th Street, Suite 309, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Allen C. Mackey, Trenton J. Walker, Douglas D. Blanken & Robert L. Karlinsey

Authors
  1. Poornima K. Mensinkai
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  2. Renzo A. Ccahuana-Vasquez
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  3. Irene Chedjieu
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  4. Bennett T. Amaechi
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  5. Allen C. Mackey
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  6. Trenton J. Walker
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  7. Douglas D. Blanken
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  8. Robert L. Karlinsey
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert L. Karlinsey.

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Mensinkai, P.K., Ccahuana-Vasquez, R.A., Chedjieu, I. et al. In situ remineralization of white-spot enamel lesions by 500 and 1,100 ppm F dentifrices. Clin Oral Invest 16, 1007–1014 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0591-2

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