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Antimicrobial peptides from Phyllomedusa frogs: from biomolecular diversity to potential nanotechnologic medical applications

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Abstract

Screening for new bioactive peptides in South American anurans has been pioneered in frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa. All frogs of this genus have venomous skin secretions, i.e., a complex mixture of bioactive peptides against potential predators and pathogens that presumably evolved in a scenario of predator–prey interaction and defense against microbial invasion. For every new anuran species studied new peptides are found, with homologies to hormones, neurotransmitters, antimicrobials, and several other peptides with unknown biological activity. From Vittorio Erspamer findings, this genus has been reported as a “treasure store” of bioactive peptides, and several groups focus their research on these species. From 1966 to 2009, more than 200 peptide sequences from different Phyllomedusa species were deposited in UniProt and other databases. During the last decade, the emergence of high-throughput molecular technologies involving de novo peptide sequencing via tandem mass spectrometry, cDNA cloning, pharmacological screening, and surface plasmon resonance applied to peptide discovery, led to fast structural data acquisition and the generation of peptide molecular libraries. Research groups on bioactive peptides in Brazil using these new technologies, accounted for the exponential increase of new molecules described in the last decade, much higher than in any previous decades. Recently, these secretions were also reported as a rich source of multiple antimicrobial peptides effective against multidrug resistant strains of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and virus, providing instructive lessons for the development of new and more efficient nanotechnological-based therapies for infectious diseases treatment. Therefore, novel drugs arising from the identification and analysis of bioactive peptides from South American anuran biodiversity have a promising future role on nanobiotechnology.

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Abbreviations

ADR:

Adenoregulin

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

AMP:

Antimicrobial peptide

CD:

Circular dichroism

DRP:

Dermaseptin related peptide

DRS:

Dermaseptin

DRT:

Dermatoxin

FSAP:

Frog skin active peptide

FTIR:

Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy

HIV-1:

Human immunodeficiency virus 1

HSV-1:

Herpes simplex virus 1

MALDI:

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NPY:

Neuropeptide Y

PLS:

Phylloseptin

PLX:

Phylloxin

PM:

Plasmatic membrane

PTC:

Plasticin

PYY:

Polypeptide YY

SPYY:

Skin polypeptide YY

UniProt:

Universal protein resource

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundação de Tecnologia do Acre (FUNTAC/FDCT), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Projeto NanoBiotec, Secretary of Development of the Rondonia State (PRONEX/CNPq) for financial support and Priscila Cerviglieri for linguistic advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Medicina “Professor Dr. José Roberto Giglio” (CEBio), Núcleo de Saúde (NUSAU), Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, 76800-000, Brazil

    Leonardo de Azevedo Calderon & Rodrigo Guerino Stábeli

  2. Instituto de Pesquisas em Patologias Tropicais de Rondônia (IPEPATRO), Porto Velho, RO, 76812-245, Brazil

    Leonardo de Azevedo Calderon & Alexandre de Almeida E. Silva

  3. Laboratório de Bioecologia de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia, Núcleo de Ciência e Tecnologia (NCT), Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, 76800-000, Brazil

    Alexandre de Almeida E. Silva

  4. Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil

    Pietro Ciancaglini

  5. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz do Noroeste do Brasil, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil

    Rodrigo Guerino Stábeli

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  1. Leonardo de Azevedo Calderon
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  2. Alexandre de Almeida E. Silva
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  3. Pietro Ciancaglini
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  4. Rodrigo Guerino Stábeli
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Correspondence to Rodrigo Guerino Stábeli.

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Azevedo Calderon, L., Silva, A.A.E., Ciancaglini, P. et al. Antimicrobial peptides from Phyllomedusa frogs: from biomolecular diversity to potential nanotechnologic medical applications. Amino Acids 40, 29–49 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-010-0622-3

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