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Arabino-Galactan Proteins from Pistacia lentiscus var. chia: isolation, characterization and biological function

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Summary.

Arabino-Galactan Proteins (AGPs) were isolated from Chios mastic gum (CMG) by using a buffer containing 0.1 M NaCl, 20 mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.5. Protein analytical methods, combined with specific procedures for carbohydrate characterization, indicated the presence of highly glycosylated protein backbone. In particular, staining by Yariv reagent of the electrophoretically separated molecules revealed the existence of arabinose and galactose and such a modification is characteristic for AGPs.

After experiments involving extensive dialysis of the isolated extracts against water and atomic absorption, there was evidence of the existence of zinc ions that are probably covalently bound to the AGPs. By using anion-exchange chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, colorimetric methods and GC-MS, it was found that the extracts were separated into three major populations (A, B, and C), which were consistent with their respective negative charge content namely, uronic acid. The characterization of neutral sugars that was investigated with GC-MS showed the existence of arabinose and galactose in different amounts for each group.

Experiments concerning the inhibition of growth of Helicobacter pylori in the presence of AGPs, as is shown for other CMG constituents, showed that the extracts of at least 1.4 g CMG affected the viability of the bacterium. There is no evidence as to whether the AGPs provoke abnormal morphologies of H. pylori, as is reported for the total CMG, or for O-glycans that possess terminal α1, 4-linked N-acetylglucosamine and are expressed in the human gastric mucosa; this has to be further investigated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    F. Kottakis, Ch. Matragkou & T. Choli-Papadopoulou

  2. Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

    F. Lamari

  3. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    G. Zachariadis

  4. Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

    N. Karamanos

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  1. F. Kottakis
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  2. F. Lamari
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Authors’ address: Theodora Choli-Papadopoulou, Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, TK 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece

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Kottakis, F., Lamari, F., Matragkou, C. et al. Arabino-Galactan Proteins from Pistacia lentiscus var. chia: isolation, characterization and biological function. Amino Acids 34, 413–420 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-007-0554-8

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