Summary
Effects of the impact of natural long-term irradiation with alpha particles in one chamosite and one cordierite sample were characterised in detail using electron microprobe, Raman microprobe, optical absorption spectroscopy (cordierite only), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM; cordierite only) analysis. In both cases, the impact of 4He cores (alpha particles) that were emitted from actinide-bearing mineral inclusions has caused the formation of radiation damage haloes in the host mineral. These haloes have maximum radii of about 33 µm (chamosite) and 47 µm (cordierite). They show notably changed optical properties, i.e., intensified absorption of light as recognised by brown (chamosite) and yellow (cordierite) pleochroism and enhanced or even anomalous interference colours. In spite of the significant disturbance of their short range order, alpha particle haloes are characterised by generally low degrees of structural radiation damage. This is indicated by rather moderate broadening of vibrational bands and, in the case of cordierite, apparently undisturbed electron diffraction patterns in the TEM. Intensive damage, virtually close to an amorphous state, was only found in cordierite up to a few tens of nanometres away from actinide-bearing inclusions. This damage is mainly assigned to recoils of heavy nuclei upon emission of an alpha particle, which have particle trajectory lengths that are three orders of magnitude shorter than those of the alpha particles. Similar to observations on biotite, alpha particle haloes in chamosite and cordierite as observed in the optical microscope may be considered as representative of a very early stage of the metamictisation process.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M Amme B Renker B Schmid MP Feth H Bertagnolli W Döbelin (2002) ArticleTitleRaman microspectrometric identification of corrosion products formed on UO2 nuclear fuel during leaching experiments. J Nucl Mater 306 202–212 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0022-3115(02)01291-6
Armstrong JT (1991) Quantitative elemental analysis of individual mircoparticles with electron beam instruments. In: Heinrich KFJ, Newbury DE (eds) Electron probe quantitation. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 261–315
M Ballèvre A Möller BJ Hensen (2000) ArticleTitleExhumation of the lower crust during crustal shortening: an Alice Springs (380 Ma) age for a prograde amphibolite facies shear zone in the Strangways Metamorphic Complex (central Australia). J Metam Geol 18 737–748
Bandyopadhyay N (2003) Metamorphic history of the rocks in the southeastern sector of the Proterozoic Singhbhum shear zone and its environs. Thesis, University of Calcutta, Kolkata
GW Berger D York (1981) ArticleTitleGeothermometry from 40Ar/39Ar dating experiments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45 795–811 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0016-7037(81)90109-5
C Bertoldi A Proyer D Garbe-Schönberg H Behrens E Dachs (2004) ArticleTitleComprehensive chemical analyses of natural cordierites: implications for exchange mechanisms. Lithos 78 389–409 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.lithos.2004.07.003
WJ Collins RD Shaw (1995) ArticleTitleGeochronological constraints on orogenic events in the Arunta Inlier: a review. Precamb Res 71 315–346
P Daniels B Wunder K Sahl W Schreyer (1994) ArticleTitleChanging lattice metrics of synthetic cordierites: the metastable hexagonal to orthorhombic transformation sequence during isothermal annealing. Eur J Mineral 6 323–335
WJ Dunlap C Teyssier (1995) ArticleTitlePalaeozoic deformation and isotopic disturbance in the southeastern Arunta Block, central Australia. Precamb Res 71 229–250
RC Ewing (1993) ArticleTitleThe metamict state: 1993 – the centennial. Nucl Instr Meth Phys Res B 91 22–29
RC Ewing (1999) ArticleTitleNuclear waste form for actinides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 3432–3439 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.96.7.3432
RC Ewing W Lutze WJ Weber (1995) ArticleTitleZircon: a host phase for the disposal of weapons plutonium. J Mater Res 10 243–246
Ewing RC, Meldrum A, Wang LM, Weber WJ, Corrales LR (2003) Radiation effects in zircon. In: Hanchar JM, Hoskin PWO (eds) Zircon. Mineral Soc Am, Washington, DC, pp 387–425 (Rev Mineral Geochem 53)
Firestone RB, Shirley VS (1996) Table of isotopes 2. Wiley, New York
PH Fowler AR Lang (1977) ArticleTitleGiant haloes in mica. Nature 270 163–164 Occurrence Handle10.1038/270163a0
CA Geiger T Armbruster V Khomenko S Quartieri (2000) ArticleTitleCordierite I: the coordination of Fe2+. Am Mineral 85 1255–1264
RV Gentry (1970) ArticleTitleGiant radioactive halos: indicators of unknown radioactivity? Science 169 670–673
RV Gentry (1971) ArticleTitleRadiohalos: some unique lead isotope ratios and unknown alpha radioactivity. Science 173 727–731
RV Gentry (1973) ArticleTitleRadioactive halos. Ann Rev Nucl Sci 23 347–362 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.ns.23.120173.002023
RV Gentry (1974) ArticleTitleRadiohalos in a radiochronological and cosmological perspective. Science 184 62–66
RV Gentry TA Cahill NR Fletcher HC Kaufmann LR Medsker JW Nelson RG Flocchini (1976) ArticleTitleEvidence for primordial superheavy elements. Phys Rev Lett 37 11–15 Occurrence Handle10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.11
RV Gentry WH Christie DH Smith JW Boyle SS Cristy JF McLaughlin (1978) ArticleTitleImplication on unknown radioactivity of giant and dwarf haloes in Scandinavian rocks. Nature 274 457–459 Occurrence Handle10.1038/274457a0
NO Gopal KV Narasimhulu J Lakshmana Rao (2004) ArticleTitleOptical absorption, EPR, infrared and Raman spectral studies of clinochlore mineral. J Phys Chem Solids 65 1887–1893 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.jpcs.2004.07.003
J Götze M Plötze D Habermann (2001) ArticleTitleOrigin, spectral characteristics and practical applications of the cathodoluminescence (CL) of quartz: a review. Mineral Petrol 71 225–250
JC Groote JRW Weerkamp J Seinen HW den Hartog (1994) ArticleTitleRadiation damage in NaCl. IV. Raman scattering. Phys Rev B 50 9798–9802 Occurrence Handle10.1103/PhysRevB.50.9798
Hanchar JM, Burakov BE, Anderson EB, Zamoryanskaya MV (2003) Investigation of single crystal zircon, (Zr,Pu)SiO4, doped with 238Pu and 239Pu. In: Finch RJ, Bullen DB (eds) Scientific basis for nuclear waste management XXVI. Mater Res Soc Sympos Proc 757, Boston, pp 215–225
TM Harrison I Duncan I McDougall (1985) ArticleTitleDiffusion of 40Ar in biotite: temperature, pressure and compositional effects. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49 2461–2468 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0016-7037(85)90246-7
Herman RG, Bogdan CE, Sommer AJ (1985) Laser Raman microprobe study of the identification and thermal transformations of some carbonate and alumosilicate minerals. In: Snyder RL, Condrate RA, Johnson PF (eds) Advances in materials characterization II. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 113–130 (Mater Sci Res 19)
NJ Hess WJ Weber SD Conradson (1998) ArticleTitleX-ray absorption fine structure of aged, Pu-doped glass and ceramic waste forms. J Nucl Mater 254 175–184 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00011-7
H Hradetzky HJ Lippolt R Wirth (1990) ArticleTitleRadiogene Höfe in Biotit als geothermische Langzeitindikatoren. Eclogae geol Helv 83 59–75
PT Johnson D Dasgupta AD Smith (1993) ArticleTitlePb–Pb systematic of copper sulphide mineralization, Singhbhum area, Bihar. Indian J Geol 69 211–213
VM Khomenko K Langer CA Geiger (2001) ArticleTitleStructural locations of the iron ions in cordierite: a spectroscopic study. Contrib Mineral Petrol 141 381–396
BA Kolesov CA Geiger (2000) ArticleTitleCordierite II: the role of CO2 and H2O. Am Mineral 85 1265–1274
MR Krbetschek J Götze A Dietrich T Trautmann (1997) ArticleTitleSpectral information from minerals relevant for luminescence dating. Rad Meas 27 695–748
K Langer AN Platonov SS Matsyuk M Wildner (2002) ArticleTitleThe crystal chemistry of the humite minerals: Fe2+–Ti4+ charge transfer and structural allocation of Ti4+ in chondrodites and clinohumites. Eur J Mineral 14 1027–1032 Occurrence Handle10.1127/0935-1221/2002/0014-1027
JKW Lee J Tromp (1995) ArticleTitleSelf-induced fracture generation in zircon. J Geophys Res 100 17753–17770
E Libowitzky (1999) ArticleTitleCorrelation of O–H stretching frequencies and O–H · · · O hydrogen bond lengths in minerals. Monatsh Chem 130 1047–1059
E Loh (1973) ArticleTitleOptical vibrations in sheet silicates. J Phys C: Solid State Phys 6 1091–1104 Occurrence Handle10.1088/0022-3719/6/6/022
SWS McKeever (1985) Thermoluminescence of solids. Cambridge Univ Press Cambridge 376
P McMillan A Putnis MA Carpenter (1984) ArticleTitleA Raman spectroscopic study of Al–Si ordering in synthetic magnesium cordierite. Phys Chem Mineral 10 256–260
A Meldrum SJ Zinkle LA Boatner RC Ewing (1998) ArticleTitleDisplacement-cascade amorphization and phase decomposition in zircon, hafnon, and thorite. Nature 395 56–58 Occurrence Handle10.1038/25698
JD Meunier E Sellier M Pagel (1990) ArticleTitleRadiation-damage rims in quartz from uranium-bearing sandstones. J Sediment Petrol 60 53–58
C Moazed RM Spector RF Ward (1973) ArticleTitlePolonium radiohalos: an alternative interpretation. Science 180 1272–1274
C Moazed R Overbey RM Spector (1975) ArticleTitlePrecise determination of critical features in radiohalo-type coloration of biotite. Nature 258 315–317 Occurrence Handle10.1038/258315a0
C Moazed R Overbey RM Spector (1977) ArticleTitleAlpha-induced coloration reversal in biotite. Nature 267 818–819 Occurrence Handle10.1038/267818a0
BM Moiseyev PV Melnikov (1987) ArticleTitlePaleodosimetric properties of Al–O− centers in quartz. Geochem Int 24 62–68
A Möller BJ Hensen RA Armstrong K Mezger M Ballévre (2003) ArticleTitleU–Pb zircon and monazite age constraints on granulite-facies metamorphism and deformation in the Strangways Metamorphic Complex (central Australia). Contrib Mineral Petrol 145 406–423
D Molzahn R Brandt H Jungclas P Vater R Hembold (1980) ArticleTitleOn the evidence of “giant” haloes in cordierite. Nucl Tracks 4 3–11 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0191-278X(80)90028-1
O Mügge (1907) ArticleTitleRadioaktivität als Ursache der pleochroitischen Höfe. Zbl Mineral Geol 71 529–532
L Nasdala (2002) ArticleTitleRaman mapping – a tool for revealing internal structures of minerals. Acta Univ Carolinae Geol 46 61–62
L Nasdala G Irmer D Wolf (1995) ArticleTitleThe degree of metamictization in zircons: a Raman spectroscopic study. Eur J Mineral 7 471–478
L Nasdala M Wenzel M Andrut R Wirth P Blaum (2001a) ArticleTitleThe nature of radiohaloes in biotite: experimental studies and modeling. Am Mineral 86 498–512
Nasdala L, Wenzel M, Vavra G, Irmer G, Wenzel T, Kober B (2001b) Metamictisation of natural zircon: accumulation versus thermal annealing of radioactivity-induced damage. Contrib Mineral Petrol 141: 125–144 (erratum in Contrib Mineral Petrol 143: 767–768)
L Nasdala CL Lengauer JM Hanchar A Kronz R Wirth P Blanc AK Kennedy A-M Seydoux-Guillaume (2002) ArticleTitleAnnealing radiation damage and the recovery of cathodoluminescence. Chem Geol 191 121–140 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00152-3
Nasdala L, Zhang M, Kempe U, Panczer G, Gaft M, Andrut M, Plötze M (2003) Spectroscopic methods applied to zircon. In: Hanchar JM, Hoskin PWO (eds) Zircon. Mineral Soc Am, pp 427–467 (Rev Mineral Geochem 53)
L Nasdala PW Reiners JI Garver AK Kennedy RA Stern E Balan R Wirth (2004a) ArticleTitleIncomplete retention of radiation damage in zircon from Sri Lanka. Am Mineral 89 219–231
Nasdala L, Smith DC, Kaindl R, Ziemann M (2004b) Raman spectroscopy: analytical perspectives in mineralogical research. In: Beran A, Libowitzky E (eds) Spectroscopic methods in mineralogy. Eötvös Univ Press, Budapest, pp 281–343 (Eur Mineral Union Notes in Mineralogy 6)
AL Odom WJ Rink (1989) ArticleTitleGiant radiation-induced colour halos in quartz: solution to a riddle. Science 246 107–109
MR Owen (1988) ArticleTitleRadiation-damage halos in quartz. Geology 16 529–532 Occurrence Handle10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0529:RDHIQ>2.3.CO;2
DC Pal (2004) ArticleTitleConcentric rings of radioactive halo in chlorite, Turamdih uranium deposit, Singhbhum Shear Zone, Eastern India: a possible result of 238U chain decay. Curr Sci India 87 662–667
P Pandey P Kumar LD Upadhyay (1994) ArticleTitleUranium deposits of Turamdih area, Singhbhum District, Bihar and their spatial relations. Explor Res Atom Miner 7 1–13
AN Platonov K Langer SS Matsyuk MN Taran X Hu (1991) ArticleTitleFe2+–Ti4+ charge transfer in garnets from mantle eclogites. Eur J Mineral 3 19–26
WCK Poon A Putnis E Salje (1990) ArticleTitleStructural states of magnesium cordierite. IV. Raman spectroscopy and local order parameter behaviour. J Phys Condens Matter 2 6361–6372 Occurrence Handle10.1088/0953-8984/2/51/003
A Putnis (1980) ArticleTitleOrder-modulated structures and the thermodynamics of cordierite reactions. Nature 287 128–131 Occurrence Handle10.1038/287128a0
A Putnis CA Fyfe GC Gobbi (1985) ArticleTitleAl, Si ordering in cordierite using “magic angle spinning” NMR. Phys Chem Mineral 12 211–216
NK Rao SK Aggarwal GVU Rao (1979) ArticleTitleLead isotope ratios of uraninites and the age of uranium mineralization in Singhbhum shear zone, Bihar. J Geol Soc India 20 124–127
SAT Redfern E Salje W Maresch W Schreyer (1989) ArticleTitleX-ray powder diffraction and infrared study of the hexagonal to orthorhombic phase transition in K-bearing cordierite. Am Mineral 74 1293–1299
WJ Rink AL Odom (1989) ArticleTitleGiant radiation-damage halos in quartz. Geology 17 54 Occurrence Handle10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0054:GRDHIQ>2.3.CO;2
J-L Robert H Kodama (1988) ArticleTitleGeneralization of the correlations between hydroxyl-stretching wavenumbers and composition of micas in the system K2O–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O: a single model for trioctahedral and dioctahedral micas. Am J Sci 288A 196–212
J-L Robert J-M Beny C Beny M Volfinger (1989) ArticleTitleCharacterization of lepidolites by Raman and infrared spectrometries. I. Relationships between OH-stretching wavenumbers and composition. Can Mineral 27 225–235
Sarkar SC (1984) Geology and ore mineralisation along the Singhbhum copper-uranium belt, Eastern India. Jadavpur University, Calcutta, 263 p
N Sengupta D Mukhopadhyay P Sengupta R Hoffbauer (2005) ArticleTitleTourmaline-bearing rocks in the Singhbhum shear zone, eastern India: evidence of boron infiltration during regional metamorphism. Am Mineral 90 1241–1255
A-M Seydoux-Guillaume R Wirth L Nasdala M Gottschalk JM Montel W Heinrich (2002) ArticleTitleAn XRD, TEM and Raman study of experimentally annealed natural monazite. Phys Chem Mineral 29 240–253
Smith G, Strens RGJ (1976) Intervalence-transfer absorption in some silicate, oxide and phosphate minerals. In: Strens RGJ (ed) The physics and chemistry of minerals and rocks. John Wiley & Sons, London, pp 583–612
DC Srivastava A Pradhan (1995) ArticleTitleLate brittle tectonics in a Precambrian ductile belt: evidence from brittle structures in the Singhbhum Shear Zone, eastern India. J Struct Geol 17 385–396
BP Stoicheff (1958) ArticleTitleHigh resolution Raman spectroscopy of gases, XI. Spectra of CS2 and CO2. Can J Phys 36 218–230
Vance ER (1978) Possible mechanism for the formation of bleached, giant haloes in Madagascan mica. In: Lodhi MAK (ed) Superheavy elements. Pergamon, New York, pp 228–235
ER Vance DC Price (1984) ArticleTitleHeating and radiation effects on optical and Moessbauer spectra of iron-bearing cordierites. Phys Chem Mineral 10 200–208
DK Voznyak VI Pavlishin VN Bugaenko Yu Galaburda (1996) ArticleTitleNature, genetic and geochronological significance of radiogenic haloes in minerals from the Polokhovskoe deposit (Ukrainian Shield). Mineral Zh 18 3–7
JK Vry PE Brown JW Valley (1990) ArticleTitleCordierite volatile content and the role of CO2 in high-grade metamorphism. Am Mineral 75 71–88
SX Wang LM Wang RC Ewing (2000) ArticleTitleElectron and ion irradiation of zeolites. J Nucl Mater 278 233–241 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00246-9
WJ Weber JW Wald H Matzke (1986) ArticleTitleEffects of self-radiation damage in Cm-doped Gd2Ti2O7 and CaZrTi2O7. J Nucl Mater 138 196–209 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0022-3115(86)90006-1
WJ Weber RC Ewing L-M Wang (1994) ArticleTitleThe radiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transition in zircon. J Mater Res 9 688–698
R Wirth (1985) ArticleTitleDehydration of mica (phengite) by electron bombardment in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). J Mater Sci Lett 4 327–330 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00719805
B Wunder K Sahl W Schreyer (1991) ArticleTitleAbrupt high/low-transition in flux-grown Mg-cordierite single crystals with hour-glass structure. Eur J Mineral 3 809–817
Ziegler JF, Biersack JP, Littmark U (1985) The stopping and range of ions in solids. In: Ziegler JF (ed) The stopping and ranges of ions in matter, vol 1. Pergamon Press, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nasdala, L., Wildner, M., Wirth, R. et al. Alpha particle haloes in chlorite and cordierite. Mineralogy and Petrology 86, 1–27 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-005-0104-6
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-005-0104-6