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Effects of short-term high temperature on grain quality and starch granules of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at post-anthesis stage

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Abstract

High temperature causes negative effects on grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, the effects of short-term high temperature (SHT) on grain quality and starch granules were investigated in two rice cultivars Nanjing 41 (NJ41, heat-sensitive) and Wuxiangjing 14 (WJ14, heat-tolerant) at post-anthesis stage (anthesis and early grain-filling stage). The results of rice quality analysis showed that chalky rate and chalkiness increased while brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and head rice rate decreased in two rice cultivars with the increase of high temperature and prolonged duration. Moreover, SHT stress reduced the accumulation of amylose as well as starch accumulation. The starch accumulation and eating quality were more sensitive to SHT than the appearance and milling quality. The starch structure data observed by scanning electron microscope further showed that the starch granules are arranged loosely and more single starch granules appeared after SHT treatment. The extent of change in rice quality and starch traits of WJ14 under SHT was lower than that of NJ41. The effects of SHT at anthesis stage were greater than that at grain-filling stage. Taken together, the results could help further understand the physiological and biochemical processes governing rice quality under high-temperature conditions.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2013AA100404), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571566), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province (BK20151435), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

      Jianlin Chen, Liang Tang, Peihua Shi, Baohua Yang, Ting Sun, Weixing Cao & Yan Zhu

    2. Agricultural Information Institute of Science and Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Digital Agriculture, Shanghai, 201403, China

      Jianlin Chen

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    1. Jianlin Chen
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    2. Liang Tang
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    3. Peihua Shi
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    4. Baohua Yang
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    5. Ting Sun
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    6. Weixing Cao
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    7. Yan Zhu
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    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Yan Zhu.

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    Handling Editor: Peter Nick

    Jianlin Chen and Liang Tang co-first authors with equal contribution to this work.

    Electronic supplementary material

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    Supplementary Table 1

    P values from analysis of variance (ANOVA) results of the main effects of treatments, cultivars, stages and years on appearance qualities, milling and RVA characteristics. (DOC 31 kb)

    Supplementary Table 2

    P values from analysis of variance (ANOVA) results of the main effects of total starch content and amylose content of 32 and 39 days after anthesis (DAA). (DOC 35 kb)

    Supplementary Table 3

    Effects of short-term high temperature treatment on rice RVA characteristics at anthesis and grain-filling stage. (DOC 80 kb)

    Supplementary Fig. 1

    Effects of short-term high temperature on starch granules of NJ41 at anthesis stage. B, back of grain; A, abdomin of grain. The high temperature level was 38/28◦C (T3). The different durations were designed as 2 d (D1), 4 d (D2) and 6 d (D3). (GIF 852 kb)

    Supplementary Fig. 2

    Effects of short-term high temperature on starch granules of WJ14 at anthesis stage. B, back of grain; A, abdomin of grain. The different high temperature levels were designed as 32/22 °C (T1), 35/25 °C (T2) and 41/31 °C (T4). The different durations were designed as 2 d (D1), 4 d (D2) and 6 d (D3). (GIF 1512 kb)

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    Chen, J., Tang, L., Shi, P. et al. Effects of short-term high temperature on grain quality and starch granules of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at post-anthesis stage. Protoplasma 254, 935–943 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1002-y

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1002-y

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