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Silica-l-proline: An efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation between aldehydes and malononitrile in liquid phase

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Abstract

A simple and convenient methodology for the synthesis of various substituted benzylidene malononitrile derivatives using amino acid functionalized silica as heterogeneous catalyst, since amino acids recently emerged as a class of broadly useful organocatalysts for carbon–carbon bond formation reactions. This method has several advantages including good isolated yields of the products and easy workup. Moreover, the catalyst also showed good activity and could be recovered and recycled with much loss of activity rendering the process more economic and fall in the domain of green chemistry.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Director, IIIM, Jammu for recording mass and IR spectral data and also extend my sincere thanks to Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu for recording 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data of products and TGA of the catalyst. We are also thankful to SAIF Chandigarh for recording FT-IR of the catalyst and IIT Bombay for SEM and TEM studies of the catalyst.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India

    Rupali Vaid & Monika Gupta

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  1. Rupali Vaid
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  2. Monika Gupta
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Correspondence to Monika Gupta.

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Vaid, R., Gupta, M. Silica-l-proline: An efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation between aldehydes and malononitrile in liquid phase. Monatsh Chem 146, 645–652 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-014-1331-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-014-1331-5

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