Abstract
The phenylselanylation of azulene with PhSeCl or PhSeBr was reported. Clean electrophilic substitution of azulene in positions 1 and/or 3 occurred with the first reagent whereas with PhSeBr a complex mixture of products was generated suggesting a radicalic mechanism. The influence on the reaction route of the substituent attached at position 1 of azulene, or of the alkyl positions in alkylated azulenes was investigated. 1-Phenylselanylazulene and 1,3-bis(phenylselanyl)azulene were oxidized using sodium metaperiodate. The oxidation took place at selenium atom and afforded azulenes substituted with PhSe(O) and/or PhSe(O2) groups in positions 1 and/or 3. The magnetic and electronic spectra as well as the electrochemical oxidation and reduction potentials of the obtained products were recorded and the results were briefly discussed.
Graphical abstract
.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
de Freitas AS, Funck VR, dos Santos Rotta M, Bohrer D, Mörschbächer V, Puntel RL, Nogueira CW, Farina M, Aschner M, Rocha JBT (2009) Brain Res Bull 79:77
Lam LKT, Ahmed N (2002) Organoselenium compounds for cancer chemoprevention. US Patent 2002/165,215A1, 7 Nov 2002, Chem Abstr 137:352882
Lu J, Jiang Ch, Kaeck M, Ganther H, Ip C, Thompson H (1995) Carcinogenesis 16:513
Reddy BS, Sugie S, Maruyama H, El-Bayoumy K, Marra P (1987) Cancer Res 47:5901
Phillips BM, Sancilio LF, Kurchacova E (1967) J Pharm Pharmacol 19:696
Rutzinski WE, Amiabhavi TM, Birdarar NS, Patil CS (1982) Inorg Chim Acta 67:177
Mugesh G, du Mont W-W, Sies H (2001) Chem Rev 101:2125
Soriano-Garcia M (2004) Curr Med Chem 11:1657
Mlochowski J, Kloc K, Lisiak R, Potaczek P, Wojtowicz H (2007) Arkivoc 4:14
Sadekov ID, Barchan IA, Maksimenko AA (1982) Khim Farm Zh 9:1073
Pietka-Ottlik M, Wojtowicz-Mlochowska H, Kolodziejczyk K, Piasecki E, Mlochowski J (2008) Chem Pharm Bull 56:1423
Alberto EE, do Nascimento V, Braga ALJ (2010) Braz Chem Soc 21:2032
Press DJ, Mercier EA, Kuzma D, Back TG (2008) J Org Chem 73:4252
Nogueira CW, Rocha JBT (2010) J Braz Chem Soc 21:2055
Mousa S, Block E (2007) Natural and synthetic sulfur and selenium analogs and polymer conjugated forms for the modulation of angiogenesis. PCT Int Appl WO Patent 2007/5,670, 11 Jan 2007, Chem Abstr 146:135527
Ghavale N, Phadnis PP, Wadawale A, Jain VK (2011) Indian J Chem 50A:22 (and references therein)
Mugesh G, duMont WW, Sies H (2001) Chem Rev 101:2125
Jaworski JS (2011) Electrochemistry of organic selenium and tellurium compounds. In: Patai’s chemistry of functional groups. doi:10.1002/9780470682531.pat0571
Anderson AG, McDonald R (1959) J Am Chem Soc 81:5669
Replogle LL (1964) J Org Chem 29:2805
Replogle LL, Maynard JR (1967) J Org Chem 32:1909
Replogle LL, Peters GC, Maynard JR (1969) J Org Chem 34:2022
Shoji T, Higashi J, Ito S, Toyota K, Asao T, Yasunami M, Fujimori K, Morita N (2008) Eur J Org Chem 7:1242
Hafner K, Stephan A, Bernhard C (1961) Liebigs Ann Chem 650:42
Replogle LL, Arluck RM, Maynard KR (1965) J Org Chem 30:2715
Razus AC, Birzan L, Cristea M, Dragu EA, Hanganu A (2011) Monatsh Chem 142:1271
Bögemann M, Böhme H, Eckoldt H, Goerdeler J, Muth F, Petersen S, Quaedvlieg M, Rheinboldt H, Schöberl A, Schönberg A, Schultz OE, Söll H, Wagner A (1955) In: “Houben-Weil” Methoden der Organischen Chemie, vol IX. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, p 995
Campbell TW, McCullough JD (1945) J Am Chem Soc 67:1965
Gaythwaite WR, Kenyon K, Phillips H (1928) J Chem Soc 2280
Henriksen L, Stuhr-Hansen N (1998) Phosphorus. Sulfur Silicon Relat Elem 136:175
Wirth Thomas (2012) Organoselenium chemistry: synthesis and reactions. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim
Gould ES, McCullough JM (1951) J Am Chem Soc 73:3196
Ayrey G, Barnard D, Paetzold DTR, Lindner U, Bochmann G, Reich PZ (1967) Z Anorg Allg Chem 352:295
Woodbridge J (1962) Chem Soc 2089
Cinquini M, Colona S, Giovani R (1969) Chem Ind (London) 1737
Detty MR (1980) J Org Chem 45:274
Khurana JM, Agrawal A, Kumar S (2009) J Braz Chem Soc 20:1256
Reich HJ (1979) Acc Chem Res 12:22
Stuhr-Hansen N, Sorensen HO, Henriksen L, Larsen S (1997) Acta Chem Scand 51:1186
Engman L, Persson J, Andersson CM, Berglund M (1992) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2:1309
Jouikov VV, Fattakhova DS, Kozhevnikov AYu (2001) Electrochim Acta 46:807
Engman L, Lind J, Merenyi G (1994) J Phys Chem 98:3174
Ryan MD, Yau J, Hack M (1997) J Electrochem Soc 144:1952
Singh BG, Thomas E, Sawant SN, Takahashi K, Dedachi K, Iwaoka M, Priyadarsini IK (2013) J Phys Chem A 117:9259
Müller R, Heinze J, Lamberts L, Christiaens L (1998) J Electrochem Soc 145:541
Alekperov AI (1974) Russ Chem Rev 43:235
Ungureanu EM, Razus AC, Birzan L, Buica G, Cretu M, Cristian E (2006) Electrochim Acta 52:794
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Razus, A.C., Birzan, L., Hanganu, A. et al. 1-Phenylselanylazulenes: synthesis and selenium atom oxidation. Monatsh Chem 145, 1999–2009 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-014-1297-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-014-1297-3