Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Complete genome sequence of the virus isolate vB_BthM-Goe5 infecting Bacillus thuringiensis

  • Annotated Sequence Record
  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is non-pathogenic for humans and serves as a biological control agent in agriculture. Understanding its phages will help to prevent industrial production loss of Bt products and will lead to a better understanding of phages in general. The complete genome of the new B. thuringiensis phage isolate vB_BthM-Goe5 (Goe5) was sequenced, revealing a linear 157,804-bp-long dsDNA chromosome flanked by 2579-bp-long terminal repeats. It contains two tRNAs and 272 protein coding regions, 69 of which could be assigned with an annotation. Morphological investigation, using transmission electron microscopy, revealed Myoviridae morphology. The formation of a double baseplate upon tail sheath contraction indicates a link to the group of SPO1-related phages. Comparative genomics with all Bacillus-related viral genomes available in the NCBI genome database during this investigation indicated that Goe5 was a unique isolate, with Bacillus phage Bastille as its closest relative.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Logan NA, De Vos P (2009) Systematic bacteriology. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hedges SB (2002) The origin and evolution of model organisms. Nat Rev Genet 3:838–849. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg929

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Calendar R (2006) The bacteriophages. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  4. Klumpp J, Lavigne R, Loessner MJ, Ackermann HW (2010) The SPO1-related bacteriophages. Arch Virol 155:1547–1561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0783-0

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hendriksen NB, Hansen BM (2006) Detection of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD1 on cabbage for human consumption. FEMS Microbiol Lett 257:106–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00159.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Day M, Ibrahim M, Dyer D, Bulla L (2014) Genome Sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Strain HD-1. Genome Announc. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00613-14

  7. Parker ML, Eiserling FA (1983) Bacteriophage SPO1 structure and morphogenesis. I. Tail structure and length regulation. J Virol 46:239–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0923-2508(96)81062-X

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Willms IM, Hoppert M, Hertel R (2017) Characterization of Bacillus subtilis Viruses vB_BsuM-Goe2 and vB_BsuM-Goe3. Viruses 9:146. https://doi.org/10.3390/v9060146

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Bankevich A, Nurk S, Antipov D et al (2012) SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing. J Comput Biol 19:455–477. https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2012.0021

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Seemann T (2014) Prokka: rapid prokaryotic genome annotation. Bioinformatics 30:2068–2069. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu153

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Jones P, Binns D, Chang H-Y et al (2014) InterProScan 5: genome-scale protein function classification. Bioinformatics 30:1236–1240. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu031

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W et al (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 215:403–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80360-2

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Richter M, Rosselló-Móra R (2009) Shifting the genomic gold standard for the prokaryotic species definition. Proc Natl Acad Sci 106:19126–19131. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0906412106

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Kurtz S, Phillippy A, Delcher AL et al (2004) Versatile and open software for comparing large genomes. Genome Biol 5:R12. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r12

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Sauder AB, Quinn MR, Brouillette A et al (2016) Genomic characterization and comparison of seven Myoviridae bacteriophage infecting Bacillus thuringiensis. Virology 489:243–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2015.12.012

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gillis A, Mahillon J (2014) Phages preying on Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis: past, present and future. Viruses 6:2623–2672. https://doi.org/10.3390/v6072623

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Professor Dr. Rolf Daniel for scientific advice and guidance, and Dr. Anja Poehlein for sequencing.

Funding

This project was funded by the Volkswagen Foundation (Re. 94045).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Birthe Nordmann, Tobias Schilling & Robert Hertel

  2. Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Michael Hoppert

Authors
  1. Birthe Nordmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tobias Schilling
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Michael Hoppert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Robert Hertel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert Hertel.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Human and animal rights statement

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Handling Editor: Johannes Wittmann.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 680 kb)

Supplementary material 2 (XLSX 65 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nordmann, B., Schilling, T., Hoppert, M. et al. Complete genome sequence of the virus isolate vB_BthM-Goe5 infecting Bacillus thuringiensis. Arch Virol 164, 1485–1488 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04187-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04187-z

Search

Navigation