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βC1 is a pathogenicity determinant: not only for begomoviruses but also for a mastrevirus

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Abstract

βC1 proteins, encoded by betasatellites, are known to be pathogenicity determinants, and they are responsible for symptom expression in many devastating diseases caused by begomoviruses. We report the involvement of βC1 in pathogenicity determination of a mastrevirus. Analysis of field samples of wheat plants containing wheat dwarf India virus (WDIV) revealed the presence of a full-length and several defective betasatellite molecules. The detected betasatellite was identified as ageratum yellow leaf curl betasatellite (AYLCB). No begomovirus was detected in any of the samples. The full-length AYLCB contained an intact βC1 gene, whereas the defective molecules contained complete or partial deletions of βC1. Agroinoculation of wheat with the full-length AYLCB and WDIV or of tobacco with ageratum enation virus enhanced the pathogenicity and accumulation of the respective viruses, whereas the defective molecules could not. This study indicates that βC1 is a pathogenicity determinant for WDIV and can interact functionally not only with begomoviruses but also with a mastrevirus.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for supporting the present work at National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India; to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research for Senior Research Fellowship to JK and JK; and to the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, for the JC Bose Fellowship to RT.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 160071, Punjab, India

    Jitendra Kumar, Jitesh Kumar, Sudhir P. Singh & Rakesh Tuli

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  1. Jitendra Kumar
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  2. Jitesh Kumar
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  3. Sudhir P. Singh
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  4. Rakesh Tuli
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Correspondence to Rakesh Tuli.

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Kumar, J., Kumar, J., Singh, S.P. et al. βC1 is a pathogenicity determinant: not only for begomoviruses but also for a mastrevirus. Arch Virol 159, 3071–3076 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2149-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2149-5

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