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Natural infection with torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1) suppresses the immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination

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Abstract

To evaluate the effect of natural infection with TTSuV1 on the antibody response to vaccination with PRRS vaccine and clinical signs when co-infected with virulent PRRSV, 15 4-week-old TTSuV1-positive piglets and 20 TTSuV1-negative piglets were selected by PCR from two pig farms in Jiangsu province. TTSuV1-negative pigs were divided into four groups, and TTSuV1-positive pigs were divided into three groups. Experimental pigs were vaccinated with a PRRSV modified live virus (MLV) at 6 weeks of age and subsequently challenged with a virulent strain of PRRSV at 10 weeks of age. A TTSuV1-negative control group and an unvaccinated PRRS MLV control group were tested at the same time. The levels of antibody/cytokine and protective efficiency against PRRS MLV vaccine were evaluated. TTSuV1-infected/PRRSV-vaccinated pigs had lower levels of PRRSV antibody, as well as IFN-γ, IL-10 and T lymphocyte proliferation, than the TTSuV1-uninfected/PRRSV-vaccinated group (P < 0.05, except IL-10) after vaccination at only one time point. TTSuV1-infected/PRRS MLV-vaccinated/PRRSV-challenged pigs had more severe clinical signs (P > 0.05), more macroscopic lung lesions (P < 0.05) and lower levels of PRRSV antibody (P < 0.05 at 7 to 14 days post-PRRSV-challenge) than TTSuV1-uninfected/PRRSV-vaccinated/PRRSV-challenged pigs. These data indicate that TTSuV1 natural infection has an adverse effect on the development of host immune responses, suppresses immunization by the PRRS MLV vaccine, and exacerbates PRRS to a certain extent in pigs.

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Abbreviations

MLV:

Modified live virus

PMWS:

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

PRRS:

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

PRRSV:

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

TTSuV1:

Torque teno sus virus 1

TTSuV2:

Torque teno sus virus 2

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents (NCET) at the University (No.NCET-08-0794) of China, Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu, China (Grant No.10kjd230003), Doctoral Research Foundation of Jinling Institution of Technology (no.40610047) and Graduate Research and Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province (CX09B_ 246Z).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Zhicheng Zhang, Yang Wang, Hongjie Fan & Chengping Lu

  2. Department of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institution of Technology, Nanjing, 210038, China

    Zhicheng Zhang

  3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China

    Yang Wang

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  1. Zhicheng Zhang
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Correspondence to Chengping Lu.

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Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., Fan, H. et al. Natural infection with torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1) suppresses the immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination. Arch Virol 157, 927–933 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1249-3

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