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Prediction of kharif rice yield at Kharagpur using disaggregated extended range rainfall forecasts

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Abstract

The Extended Range Forecasts System (ERFS) has been generating monthly and seasonal forecasts on real-time basis throughout the year over India since 2009. India is one of the major rice producer and consumer in South Asia; more than 50% of the Indian population depends on rice as staple food. Rice is mainly grown in kharif season, which contributed 84% of the total annual rice production of the country. Rice cultivation in India is rainfed, which depends largely on rains, so reliability of the rainfall forecast plays a crucial role for planning the kharif rice crop. In the present study, an attempt has been made to test the reliability of seasonal and sub-seasonal ERFS summer monsoon rainfall forecasts for kharif rice yield predictions at Kharagpur, West Bengal by using CERES-Rice (DSSATv4.5) model. These ERFS forecasts are produced as monthly and seasonal mean values and are converted into daily sequences with stochastic weather generators for use with crop growth models. The daily sequences are generated from ERFS seasonal (June–September) and sub-seasonal (July–September, August–September, and September) summer monsoon (June to September) rainfall forecasts which are considered as input in CERES-rice crop simulation model for the crop yield prediction for hindcast (1985–2008) and real-time mode (2009–2015). The yield simulated using India Meteorological Department (IMD) observed daily rainfall data is considered as baseline yield for evaluating the performance of predicted yields using the ERFS forecasts. The findings revealed that the stochastic disaggregation can be used to disaggregate the monthly/seasonal ERFS forecasts into daily sequences. The year to year variability in rice yield at Kharagpur is efficiently predicted by using the ERFS forecast products in hindcast as well as real time, and significant enhancement in the prediction skill is noticed with advancement in the season due to incorporation of observed weather data which reduces uncertainty of yield prediction. The findings also recommend that the normal and above normal yields are predicted well in advance using the ERFS forecasts. The outcomes of this study are useful to farmers for taking appropriate decisions well in advance for climate risk management in rice production during different stages of the crop growing season at Kharagpur.

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Acknowledgments

The research reported in this study is sponsored by the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation and Farmer welfare (DAC&FW), Government of India, and is duly acknowledged. IMD is also acknowledged for providing the observed gridded rainfall datasets. The authors are thankful to Mr. R. K. Rai and Mr. A. K. Singh, School of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences (SEOCS), Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar for their technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Earth Ocean and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India

    B. S. Dhekale, M. M. Nageswararao, Archana Nair & U. C. Mohanty

  2. Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India

    D. K. Swain & T. Arunbabu

  3. Agromet Division, India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, India

    K. K. Singh

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  1. B. S. Dhekale
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  2. M. M. Nageswararao
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Correspondence to B. S. Dhekale.

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Dhekale, B.S., Nageswararao, M.M., Nair, A. et al. Prediction of kharif rice yield at Kharagpur using disaggregated extended range rainfall forecasts. Theor Appl Climatol 133, 1075–1091 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-017-2232-4

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