Abstract
In most of the studies on scale properties in the rainfall process, multifractal behavior has been investigated without taking into account the different rain generation mechanisms involved. However, it is known that rain processes are related to certain scales, determined by climatological characteristics as well as regional and local meteorological features. One of the implications derived from these correspondences is the possibility that the multifractal parameters of the rainfall could depend on the dominant precipitation generation mechanism. Fractal analysis techniques have been applied in this work to rainfall data recorded in the metropolitan area of Barcelona in the period 1994–2001, as well as to a selection of synoptic rainfall events registered in the same city in the period 1927–1992. The multifractal parameters obtained have been significantly different in each case probably showing the influence of the rain generation mechanisms involved. This influence has been revealed also in the analysis of the effects of seasonality on the multifractal behavior of rainfall in Barcelona.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andrade RFS, Schellnhuber HJ, Claussen M (1998) Analysis of rainfall records: possible relation to self-organized criticality. Phys A 254:557–568
Biaou A (2004) Agrégation/désagrégation spatio-temporelle des champs de précipitation. PhD Thesis, U. P. & M. Curie, Paris
Casas MC, Codina B, Redaño A, Lorente J (2004) A methodology to classify extreme rainfall events in the western Mediterranean area. Theoret Appl Climatol 77:139–150
Casas MC, Rodríguez R, Redaño A (2010) Analysis of extreme rainfall in Barcelona using a microscale rain gauge network. Meteorol Appl 17:117–123. doi:10.1002/met.166
Codina B, Aran M, Young S, Redaño A (1997) Prediction of a mesoscale convective system over Catalonia (Northeastern Spain) with a nested numerical model. Meteorol Atmos Phys 62(1–2):9–22
de Lima MIP, de Lima JLMP (2009) Investigating the multifractality of point precipitation in the Madeira archipelago. Nonlinear Processes Geophys Euro Geosci Un (EGU) Am Geophy Un (AGU) 16:299-311 doi:10.5194/npg-16-299-2009
de Lima MIP, Grasman J (1999) Multifractal analysis of 15-min and daily rainfall from semi-arid region in Portugal. J Hydrol 220:1–11
de Montera L, Barthes L, Mallet C (2009) The effect of rain–no rain intermittency on the estimation of the universal multifractal model parameters. J Hydrometeorology 10:493–506
Douglas E, Barros AP (2003) Probable maximum precipitation estimation using multifractals: application in the eastern United States. J Hydrometeorology 4(6):1012–1024
Enjamio C, Vilar E, Redaño A, Fontán FP, Ndzi D (2005) Experimental analysis of microscale rain cells and their dynamic evolution. Radio Science 40, RS3015. doi: 10.1029/2004 RS003119
Fraedrich K, Larnder C (1993) Scaling regimes of composite rainfall time series. Tellus 45(A):289–298
García-Marín AP, Ayuso-Muñoz JL, Jiménez-Hornero FJ, Estévez J (2013) Selecting the best IDF model by using the multifractal approach. Hydrol Process 27:433–443. doi:10.1002/hyp.9272
Ghanmi H, Mallet C, Verrier S, Barthes L, Bargaoui Z (2012) Study of rainfall intensities for micro-scales in a semi-arid zone (Tunis) by FIF model. In: 3rd STAHY International Workshop on Statistical Methods for Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Tunis, Tunisia
Hubert P, Tessier Y, Lovejoy S, Schertzer D, Schmitt F, Ladoy P, Carbonnel JP, Violette S, Desurosne I (1993) Multifractals and extreme rainfall events. Geophys Res Lett 20:931–934
Jansà A, Genovés A, Picornell MA, Campins J, Riosalido R, Carretero O (2001) Western Mediterranean cyclones and heavy rain. Part 2: statistical approach. Meteorol Appl 8(1):43–56
Kiely G, Ivanova K (1999) Multifractal analysis of hourly precipitation. Phys Chem Earth Part B hydrol Ocean Atmosphere 24(7):781–786. doi:10.1016/S1464-1909(99)00080-5
Labat D, Mangin A, Ababou R (2002) Rainfall–runoff relations for karstic springs: multifractal analysis. J Hydrol 256:176–195
Ladoy P, Schmitt F, Schertzer D, Lovejoy S (1993) Variabilité temporelle multifractale des observations pluviométriques à Nîmes. C R Acad Sci Paris II 317:775–782
Lavallée D, Schertzer D, Lovejoy S (1991) On the determination of the co-dimension function. In: Schertzer D, Lovejoy S (eds) Scaling fractals and non-linear variability in geophysics. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 99–110
Llasat MC, Puigcerver M (1997) Total rainfall and convective rainfall in Catalonia. Spain Int J Climatol 17:1683–1695
Lovejoy S, Schertzer D (1990) Multifractals universality classes and satellite and radar measurements of clouds and rain fields. J Geophys Res 95(D3):2021–2034
Lovejoy S, Schertzer D (1995) Multifractals and rain. In: AW Kundzewicz (ed) New Uncertainty Concepts in Hydrology and Hydrological modelling. Cambridge Press, Cambridge, pp 62–103
Olsson J (1995) Limits and characteristics of the multifractal behavior of a high-resolution rainfall time series. Nonlinear Processes Geophys 2(1):23–29
Olsson J, Niemczynowicz J (1996) Multifractal analysis of daily rainfall distributions. J Hydrol 187:29–43
Olsson J, Niemczynowicz J, Berndtsson R (1993) Fractal analysis of high-resolution rainfall time series. J Geophys Res 98:23265–23274
Pathirana A, Herath S, Yamada T (2003) Estimating rainfall distributions at high temporal resolutions using a multifractal model. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 7(5):668–679
Schertzer D, Lovejoy S (1987) Physical modelling and analysis of rain and clouds by scaling multiplicative processes. J Geophys Res 92(D8):9693–9714
Tessier Y, Lovejoy S, Schertzer D (1993) Universal multifractals: theory and observations for rain and clouds. J Appl Meteorol 32:223–250
Tessier Y, Lovejoy S, Hubert P, Schertzer D, Pecknold S (1996) Multifractal analysis and modelling of rainfall and river flows and scaling causal transfer functions. Journal of Geophysical Research 101(D21):26427–26440
Valencia JL, Saa Requejo A, Gascó JM, Tarquis AM (2010) A universal multifractal description applied to precipitation patterns of the Ebro River Basin, Spain. Climate Research 44:17–25
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Grant CGL2007-65891-C05-03. The authors are also grateful to Clavegueram de Barcelona S.A. (CLABSA) for providing the rainfall data used in this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible editor: B. Ahrens.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rodríguez, R., Casas, M.C. & Redaño, A. Multifractal analysis of the rainfall time distribution on the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain). Meteorol Atmos Phys 121, 181–187 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-013-0256-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-013-0256-6