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Genetic diversity and population structure of the serpentine endemic Ni hyperaccumulator Alyssum lesbiacum

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Abstract

Alyssum lesbiacum is a well-established Ni hyperaccumulator, endemic to serpentine soils of Lesbos Island (Greece). A total of 95 individuals were collected from 17 plots encompassing the only four large populations of this species. ISSR (Inter-simple sequence repeat) markers were used to assess genetic diversity and population structure of A. lesbiacum to provide initial guidance for the development of successful management and conservation measures. A total of ten primers produced 82 bands, 96.34 % being polymorphic. The largest part of total diversity was found within populations, rather than among them. AMOVA analysis partitioned the largest part of diversity within plots (66 %), while 15 % contained among plots within populations and 19 % among populations. Principal coordinates analysis along with dendrogram based on genetic distances among populations showed a high degree of genetic differentiation of the isolated population Loutra. At a smaller scale, distance was not the most significant factor influencing the patterns of genetic diversity, but topography, ecosystem types and connectivity through streams. According to our results, conservation efforts should be organized at the level of watersheds and ecosystem types, considering them as management units. For ex situ conservation and restoration, seed samplings should be representative of the different habitats and watersheds as well as the patches of large and small populations while keeping the east population of Loutra separate from the other three central populations, to avoid any loss of genetic diversity and to preserve the character of the local adapted populations.

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Acknowledgments

This research has been co-financed by the European Union (European Social Fund—ESF) and Greek national funds through the Operational Program “Education and Lifelong Learning” of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)—Research Funding Program: Heracleitus II. Investing in knowledge society through the European Social Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100, Mytilene, Lesbos, Greece

    George C. Adamidis & Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos

  2. Department of Forestry, Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200, Orestiada, Greece

    Apostolos Manolis & Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou

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  1. George C. Adamidis
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  2. Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos
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  3. Apostolos Manolis
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  4. Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou
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Correspondence to George C. Adamidis.

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Supplementary material 1

Map of Lesbos Island (Greece) showing the populations of Alyssum lesbiacum sampled in this study and the sampling plots of population Loutra (L1–L4) (TIFF 25487 kb)

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Adamidis, G.C., Dimitrakopoulos, P.G., Manolis, A. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of the serpentine endemic Ni hyperaccumulator Alyssum lesbiacum . Plant Syst Evol 300, 2051–2060 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1047-3

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