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Study of genetic relationships and phylogeny of the native Populus in Southwest China based on nucleotide sequences of chloroplast trnT–trnF and nuclear DNA

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Abstract

Unique historical factors and ecological conditions make Southwest China a natural distribution and variation center for trees of the genus Populus in China. However, little is currently known about the native poplars occurring in this region, and considerable doubt still exists regarding the classification and evolutionary relationships of poplar species. In this study, nuclear and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences were utilized to determine the genetic relationships and phylogeny of Populus species in Southwest China. The results suggest that P. pseudoglauca belongs to the section of Tacamahaca. Further, P. schneideri may be a natural hybrid of P. kangdingensis and P. cathayana and, thus, it should likely not be regarded as a variety of P. kangdingensis, as in the existing classification system. In addition, cluster analyses showed that P. gonggaensis may be derived from a cross between species of section Leucoides and P. cathayana or P. schneideri of section Tacamahaca, although it is still doubtful whether P. gonggaensis can be regarded as a separate species, due to its narrow distribution range. The parents of the Luding poplar may be P. yunnanensis and P. lancifolia. P. butuoensis showed a close affinity to species of section Leucoides and had a close relationship with P. gonggaensis or P. lasiocarpa. However, further research is needed in order to appropriately classify these as species or varieties. The incongruence between phylogenetic trees based on nuclear- and chloroplast-DNA sequence data may be due to the different inheritance patterns between nuclear- and cpDNA genome.

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Acknowledgments

This project was jointly supported by the 12th Five Years Key Programs for forest breeding of Sichuan province (No. 2011YZGG) and the Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees Beijing (No.FOP2010-7). We gratefully acknowledge the contribution made by Profs. Chao N., Gong G.T., He J.R., Liu J., and Yu S.Q. in classification of native poplar in Southwest China and other relative studies in this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China

    Xue Qin Wan, Yu Zhong, Yun Hai Ding, Chang Liang Wang & Ting Xin Hu

  2. College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China

    Fan Zhang

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  1. Xue Qin Wan
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  2. Fan Zhang
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  3. Yu Zhong
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Correspondence to Fan Zhang.

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Wan, X.Q., Zhang, F., Zhong, Y. et al. Study of genetic relationships and phylogeny of the native Populus in Southwest China based on nucleotide sequences of chloroplast trnT–trnF and nuclear DNA. Plant Syst Evol 299, 57–65 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-012-0702-9

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