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Determination of vanillin by using gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrode modified with graphene quantum dots and Nafion

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Abstract

A voltammetric analytical assay for the selective quantification of vanillin is described. It is based on the use of a gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with graphene quantum dots (GQD) in a Nafion matrix. The GQD were synthesized by an acidic thermal method and characterized by UV-Vis, photoluminescence, and FTIR spectroscopy. The modified SPCE displays a strongly enhanced response to vanillin. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were applied to optimize the methods. The analytical assay has linear responses in the 13 to 660 μM and 0.66 to 33 μM vanillin concentration ranges. The detection limits are 3.9 μM and 0.32 μM when using LSV and DPV, respectively. The analytical assay is selective and stable. It was applied to the determination of vanillin in several food samples with satisfactory results. Recoveries from spiked samples ranged between 92.1 and 113.0%.

The selective and sensitive quantification of vanillin is carried out by the use of a gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrode modified with graphene quantum dots in a Nafion matrix.

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Acknowledgments

The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) is gratefully acknowledged for funding this work with Grant CTQ2016-78793-P. E.J. Llorent-Martínez acknowledges the financial support from the UCLM Research Plan. Gema M. Durán also acknowledges the financial support from the JCCM research contract.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Camilo José Cela Av, E-13071, Ciudad Real, Spain

    Gema M. Durán, Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez, Ana M. Contento & Ángel Ríos

  2. Regional Institute for Applied Chemistry Research (IRICA), Camilo José Cela Av, E-13071, Ciudad Real, Spain

    Gema M. Durán, Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez, Ana M. Contento & Ángel Ríos

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  1. Gema M. Durán
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  2. Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez
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  3. Ana M. Contento
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  4. Ángel Ríos
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Correspondence to Ángel Ríos.

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Durán, G.M., Llorent-Martínez, E.J., Contento, A.M. et al. Determination of vanillin by using gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrode modified with graphene quantum dots and Nafion. Microchim Acta 185, 204 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-2738-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-2738-1

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