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Amperometric sensing of catechol using a glassy carbon electrode modified with ferrocene covalently immobilized on graphene oxide

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Abstract

The authors report on a nonenzymatic catechol sensor that is based on the immobilization of ferrocene (Fc) on graphene oxide (GO). A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with GO which then was silanized with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane. Ferrocenecarboxaldehyde was then immobilized on GO via formation of a Schiff base. The immobilization process was monitored stepwise by using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Investigation of the modified electrode by CV revealed a pair of well-defined redox peaks with anodic and cathodic peak potentials at +0.380 and +0.277 V, corresponding to the Fc/Fc+ redox couple. The Fc modified electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of catechol at a typical working voltage of +0.45 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The response is linear in the 3 to 112 μM catechol concentration range, the detection limit is 1.1 μM, and the sensitivity is 1184.3 μA·mM−1·cm−2. The sensor is stable, reproducible and reasonably selective. It was successfully applied to the determination of catechol in spiked tap water and lake water samples.

Schematic presentation of the covalent immobilization of ferrocene on graphene oxide through (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane via Schiff base condensation for nonenzymatic catechol determination. The use of the electrode with covalently linked ferrocene and a graphene oxide host results in faster and enhanced amperometric response.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India (Sanction No. SB/FT/CS-078/2014). The authors are thankful to SIF DST-VIT-FIST, VIT University, Vellore for providing the analytical facilities.

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  1. Mari Elancheziyan and Devaraj Manoj contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India

    Mari Elancheziyan, Devaraj Manoj, Duraisamy Saravanakumar, Kathavarayan Thenmozhi & Sellappan Senthilkumar

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  1. Mari Elancheziyan
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  2. Devaraj Manoj
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  3. Duraisamy Saravanakumar
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Correspondence to Kathavarayan Thenmozhi or Sellappan Senthilkumar.

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Elancheziyan, M., Manoj, D., Saravanakumar, D. et al. Amperometric sensing of catechol using a glassy carbon electrode modified with ferrocene covalently immobilized on graphene oxide. Microchim Acta 184, 2925–2932 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2312-2

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