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A glassy carbon electrode modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles and chitosan as a sensor for Pb(II) and Cd(II)

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Abstract

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs) and the chitosan (CS) was fabricated, and used to simultaneously determine lead and cadmium by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. This modified electrode can be self-designed and prepared at low-costs. Scanning electron microscopy image shows that the mean diameter of BiONPs is about 235 nm. The sensitivity of the BiONPs-CS-GCE is much better than that of the bare GCE and the CS-GCE. The effects of deposition potential, pH of the solution, and deposition time were optimized. Under the optimized conditions (pHABS = 5.0, Edep = −1.7 V, tdep = 180 s), the composite film electrode was then applied to the analysis of lead (II) and cadmium (II). The linear range of the electrode was 0.4–2.8 μM for Pb (II) and 0.8–5.6 μM for Cd (II), with a limit of detection of 0.15 μM for Pb (II) and 0.05 μM for Cd (II), respectively. The determination of Pb (II) and Cd (II) in spiked tap water was performed and gave recoveries ranging from 99 to 122 % for Pb (II), and from 96 to 120 % for Cd (II).

Bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs) and the chitosan (CS) were fabricated and used to simultaneously determine lead and cadmium by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61571245), the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Nanjing University) (KLACLS1010), the Program of Department of Education of Jiangsu Province (12KJD610003), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20131249), the Senior Personnel Scientific Research Foundation of Jiangsu University (15JDG084), and the Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project of Jiangsu University (KYXX_0026) for financial support of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China

    Chen Hao, Yuru Shen, Junxi Shen, Kaiyang Xu & Xiaohong Wang

  2. School of Material Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China

    Yutao Zhao

  3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China

    Cunwang Ge

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  1. Chen Hao
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Correspondence to Chen Hao or Xiaohong Wang.

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Hao, C., Shen, Y., Shen, J. et al. A glassy carbon electrode modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles and chitosan as a sensor for Pb(II) and Cd(II). Microchim Acta 183, 1823–1830 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1816-5

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