Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Screen-printed biosensor modified with carbon black nanoparticles for the determination of paraoxon based on the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Microchimica Acta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We have developed a screen-printed electrochemical electrode (SPE) for paraoxon based on its inhibitory effect on the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The electrode was first modified by drop casting with a dispersion of carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) in a dimethylformamide-water mixture, and BChE was then immobilized on the surface by cross-linking. The resulting biosensor was exposed to standard solutions of paraoxon, and the enzymatic hydrolysis of butyrylthiocholine over time was determined measuring the enzymatic product thiocholine at a working voltage of +300 mV. The enzyme inhibition is linearly related to the concentration of paraoxon up to 30 μg L−1, and the detection limit is 5 μg L−1. The biosensor is stable for up to 78 days of storage at room temperature under dry conditions. It was applied to determined paraoxon in spiked waste water samples. The results underpin the potential of the use of CBNPs in electrochemical biosensors and also demonstrate that they represent a viable alternative to other carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes or graphene, and with the advantage of being very affordable.

A screen-printed electrode (SPE) for paraoxon detection at ppb levels based on its inhibitory effect on the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase was developed. The measurement is characterised by absence of fouling problem due to the use of carbon black nanoparticles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bergh C, Torgrip R, Ostman C (2010) Simultaneous selective detection of organophosphate and phthalate esters using gas chromatography with positive ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry and its application to indoor air and dust. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 24:2859–2867

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Freitas Ventura F, Oliveira J, Pedreira Filho WDR, Gerardo Ribeiro M (2012) GC-MS quantification of organophosphorous pesticides extracted from XAD-2 sorbent tube and foam patch matrices. Anal Methods 4:3666–3673

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Rosenfeld CA, Sultatos LG (2006) Concentration-dependent kinetics of acetylcholinesterase inhibition by the organophosphate paraoxon. Toxicol Sci 90:460–469

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Andreescu S, Marty JL (2006) Twenty years research in cholinesterase biosensors: From basic research to practical applications. Biomol Eng 23:1–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Arduini F, Amine A, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2010) Biosensors based on cholinesterase inhibition for insecticides, nerve agents and aflatoxin B1 detection (review). Microchim Acta 170:193–214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Taleat Z, Khoshroo A, Mazloum-Ardakani M (2014) Screen-printed electrodes for biosensing: a review (2008–2013) Microchim Acta, in press, doi: 10.1007/s00604-014-1181-1

  7. Fennouh S, Casimiri V, Burstein C (1997) Increased paraoxon detection with solvents using acetylcholinesterase inactivation measured with a choline oxidase biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 12:97–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Cremisini C, Di Sario S, Mela J, Pilloton R, Palleschi G (1995) Evaluation of the use of free and immobilised acetylcholinesterase for paraoxon detection with an amperometric choline oxidase based biosensor. Anal Chim Acta 311:273–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Hart JP, Hartley IC (1994) Voltammetric and amperometric studies of thiocholine at screen-printed carbon electrode chemically modified with cobalt phthalocyanine: studies towards a pesticide sensor. Analyst 119:259–263

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ricci F, Arduini F, Amine A, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2004) Characterisation of Prussian blue modified screen-printed electrodes for thiol detection. J Electroanal Chem 563:229–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Montesinos T, Pérez-Munguia S, Valdez F, Marty JL (2001) Disposable cholinesterase biosensor for the detection of pesticides in water miscible organic solvents. Anal Chim Acta 431:231–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Arduini F, Cassisi A, Amine A, Ricci F, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2009) Electrocatalytic oxidation of thiocholine at chemically modified cobalt hexacyanoferrate screen-printed electrodes. J Electroanal Chem 626:66–74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Arduini F, Guidone S, Amine A, Palleschi G, Moscone D (2013) Acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on self-assembled monolayer-modified gold-screen printed electrodes for organophosphorus insecticide detection. Sens Actuat B 179:201–208

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Joshi KA, Tang J, Haddon R, Wang J, Chen W, Mulchandani A (2005) A disposable biosensor for organophosphorus nerve agents based on carbon nanotubes modified thick film strip electrode. Electroanal 17:54–58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Arduini F, Amine A, Majorani C, Di Giorgio F, De Felicis D, Cataldo C, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2010) High performance electrochemical sensor based on modified screen-printed electrodes with cost-effective dispersion of nanostructured carbon black. Electrochem Commun 12:346–350

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Arduini F, Majorani C, Amine A, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2011) Hg2+ detection by measuring thiol groups with a highly sensitive screen-printed electrode modified with a nanostructured carbon black film. Electrochim Acta 56:4209–4215

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Arduini F, Di Nardo F, Amine A, Micheli L, Palleschi G, Moscone D (2012) Carbon black-modified screen-printed electrodes as electroanalytical tools. Electroanal 24:743–751

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Suprun E, Arduini F, Moscone D, Palleschi G, Shumyantseva VV, Archakov AI (2012) Direct electrochemistry of Heme proteins on electrodes modified with didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide and carbon black. Electroanal 24:1923–1931

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Lo TWB, Aldousa L, Compton RG (2012) The use of nano-carbon as an alternative to multi-walled carbon nanotubes in modified electrodes for adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Sens Actuat B 162:361–368

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Ellman GL (1958) A colorimetric method for determining low concentrations of mercaptans. Arch Biochem Biophys 74:443–445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Liu G, Riechers SL, Mellen MC, Lin Y (2005) Sensitive electrochemical detection of enzymatically generated thiocholine at carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode. Electrochem Commun 7(11):1163–1169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu G, Lin Y (2006) Biosensor based on self-assembling acetylcholinesterase on carbon nanotubes for flow injection/amperometric detection of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. Anal Chem 78(3):835–843

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Li Y, Bai Y, Han G, Li M (2013) Porous-reduced graphene oxide for fabricating an amperometric acetylcholinesterase biosensor. Sens Actuat B 185:706–712

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Wang K, Liu Q, Dai L, Yan J, Ju C, Qiu B, Wu X (2011) A highly sensitive and rapid organophosphate biosensor based on enhancement of CdS–decorated graphene nanocomposite. Anal Chim Acta 695:84–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Liu T, Su H, Qu X, Ju P, Cui L, Ai S (2011) Acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on 3-carboxyphenylboronic acid/reduced graphene oxide–gold nanocomposites modified electrode for amperometric detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. Sens Actuat B 160:1255–126

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Du D, Chen S, Song D, Li H, Chen X (2008) Development of acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on CdTe quantum dots/gold nanoparticles modified chitosan microspheres interface. Biosens Bioelectron 24:475–479

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Zhang H, Li ZF, Snyder A, Xie J, Stanciu LA (2014) Functionalized graphene oxide for the fabrication of paraoxon biosensors. Anal Chim Acta 827:86–94

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Ganesana M, Istarnboulie G, Marty JL, Noguer T, Andreescu S (2011) Site-specific immobilization of a (His) 6-tagged acetylcholinesterase on nickel nanoparticles for highly sensitive toxicity biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 30:43–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Ivanov AN, Younusov RR, Evtugyn GA, Arduini F, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2011) Acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on single-walled carbon nanotubes-Co phtalocyanine for organophosphorus pesticides detection. Talanta 85:216–221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Pohanka M, Jun D, Kuca K (2008) Amperometric biosensor for real time assay of organophosphates. Sensors 8:5303–5312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Zamfir LG, Rotariu L, Bala C (2011) A novel, sensitive, reusable and low potential acetylcholinesterase biosensor for chlorpyrifos based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate/multiwalled carbon nanotubes gel. Biosens Bioelectron 26:3692–3695

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Arduini F, Palleschi G (2012) Disposable Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition with Improved Shelf-Life and Working Stability for Nerve Agent Detection. In: Nikolelis DP (ed) NATO science for peace and security series A: chemistry and biology portable chemical sensors weapons against bioterrorism. Springer, The Netherlands, pp 261–278

    Google Scholar 

  33. Arduini F, Neagu D, Dall’Oglio S, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2012) Towards a portable prototype based on electrochemical cholinesterase biosensor to be assembled to soldier overall for nerve agent detection. Electroanalysis 24:581–590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Arduini F, Ricci F, Tuta CS, Moscone D, Amine A, Palleschi G (2006) Detection of carbamic and organophosphorus pesticides in water samples using a cholinesterase biosensor based on Prussian Blue-modified screen-printed electrode. Anal Chim Acta 580:155–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Lee JH, Park JY, Min K, Cha HJ, Choi SS, Yoo YJ (2010) A novel organophosphorus hydrolase-based biosensor using mesoporous carbons and carbon black for the detection of organophosphate nerve agents. Biosens Bioelectron 25:1566–1570

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Tang X, Zhang T, Liang B, Han D, Zeng L, Zheng C, Li T, Wei M, Liu A (2014) A. Sensitive electrochemical microbial biosensor for p-nitrophenylorganophosphates based on electrode modified with cell surface-displayed organophosphorus hydrolase and ordered mesopore carbons. Biosens Bioelectron 60:137–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Crew A, Lonsdale D, Byrd N, Pittson R, Hart JP (2011) A screen-printed, amperometric biosensor array incorporated into a novel automated system for the simultaneous determination of organophosphate pesticides. Biosens Bioelectron 26:2847–2851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Tan HY, Loke WK, Nguyen NT, Tan SN, Tay NB, Wang W, Ng SH (2014) Lab-on-a-chip for rapid electrochemical detection of nerve agent Sarin. Biomed Microdevices 16(2):269–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. DL 152/2006, 3 April 2006 “Norme in materia ambientale”, http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2006/04/14/006G0171/sg

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Industria 2015 (MI01_00223) ACQUA-SENSE project and Marie Curie FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IRSES, 294901 “Peptide Nanosensors”. The authors thank Prof. F. Cataldo (Actinium Chemical Research srl) for the CBNPs samples, Tover Italia s.r.l. (Rome) and BASF Italia Divisione Catalizzatori (Rome) for the waste water samples.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Fabiana Arduini, Matteo Forchielli, Daniela Neagu, Danila Moscone & Giuseppe Palleschi

  2. Faculté de Sciences et Techniques Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Environnement, Université Hassan II-Mohammedia, B.P. 146, Mohammadia, Morocco

    Aziz Amine

  3. Università degli Studi di Roma “Niccolò Cusano”, UdR INSTM, Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166, Rome, Italy

    Ilaria Cacciotti

  4. Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Impresa, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, UdR INSTM Roma-Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Francesca Nanni

Authors
  1. Fabiana Arduini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Matteo Forchielli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aziz Amine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Daniela Neagu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ilaria Cacciotti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Francesca Nanni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Danila Moscone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Giuseppe Palleschi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fabiana Arduini.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Arduini, F., Forchielli, M., Amine, A. et al. Screen-printed biosensor modified with carbon black nanoparticles for the determination of paraoxon based on the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase. Microchim Acta 182, 643–651 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-014-1370-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-014-1370-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation