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Sensitive voltammetric determination of rutin in pharmaceuticals, human serum, and traditional Chinese medicines using a glassy carbon electrode coated with graphene nanosheets, chitosan, and a poly(amido amine) dendrimer

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Abstract

The electrochemical behavior of rutin was investigated in pH 6.0 buffer solution using a glassy carbon electrode coated with graphene nanosheets, chitosan and a poly (amidoamine) dendrimer in pH 6.0 buffer solution. The results indicate that the modified electrode displays electrochemical redox activity towards rutin, and that the oxidation peak current of rutin increases significantly compared to that at other electrodes. The amount of immobilized graphene and dendrimer, pH value, scan rate, accumulation time and accumulation potential were optimized. The kinetic parameters, charge transfer coefficient, transfer electron number, proton transfer number, standard rate constant, were calculated. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current is proportional to the concentration of rutin in the range between 0.001 and 2.0 μmol L−1 (R = 0.9991). The detection limit is 0.6 nmol L−1 (at S/N = 3). The electrode exhibits satisfactory selectivity and reproducibility and was applied to the determination of rutin in pharmaceutical preparations, spiked human serum, and traditional Chinese medicine, with recoveries between 97.2 and 104.67%.

1. Preparation of graphene nanosheets and PAMAM modified glassy carbon electrode. 2. Graphene nanosheets and PAMAM improve the electrochemical redox of rutin. 3. The prepared electrode determines rutine with high sensitivity and selectivity. 4. The developed method can determine rutin in pharmaceutical formulations, human serum, and traditional Chinese medicine.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.21075078) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong province of China (No. ZR2010BM005) for the financial support. The authors also thank Prof. Hui-Ming Cheng and Dr. Zhong-Shuai Wu (Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences) for their kindly support of graphene nanosheets.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China

    Huanshun Yin, Lin Cui, Tao Liu, Peng Ju & Shiyun Ai

  2. College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China

    Huanshun Yin & Lusheng Zhu

  3. College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China

    Yunlei Zhou

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  1. Huanshun Yin
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Correspondence to Lusheng Zhu or Shiyun Ai.

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Yin, H., Zhou, Y., Cui, L. et al. Sensitive voltammetric determination of rutin in pharmaceuticals, human serum, and traditional Chinese medicines using a glassy carbon electrode coated with graphene nanosheets, chitosan, and a poly(amido amine) dendrimer. Microchim Acta 173, 337–345 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-011-0568-5

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