Abstract
During the operation of a CAES (compressed air energy storage) system, the rock surrounding a salt cavern suffers cyclic loading with high-stress intervals (HSIs). To investigate the effect of HSIs on the fatigue of rock salt, fatigue tests with constant stress intervals at different stress levels and interval durations were conducted. Results show that the axial stress–strain curves with HSIs present three stages of “sparse–dense–sparse”. The hysteresis loops in a single cycle consist of seven phases (crack compaction, elastic deformation, plastic deformation, creep deformation, cease, elastic recovery and pore restore). The irreversible deformation per cycle and fatigue life with HSIs present an upward and downward trend, respectively, compared to cases without intervals. The surface of fractured specimens shows a mix of shear and tensile cracks, and the salt crystals present the interaction of intra-grain and inter-grain cracks.
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Abbreviations
- CAES:
-
Compressed air energy storage
- HSIs:
-
High-stress intervals
- UCS:
-
Uniaxial compression strength
- SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscope
- \({t}_{H}\) :
-
Hold time per cycle
- \({\sigma }_{max}\) :
-
Maximum cyclic stress
- \({\sigma }_{min}\) :
-
Minimum cyclic stress
- \(R\) :
-
Stress ratio
- \({A}_{1},\) \({A}_{2}\) :
-
Fitting constants
- \({\varepsilon }_{p}\) :
-
Axial plastic strain per cycle
- \({F}_{r}\) :
-
Life reduction ratio
- \({N}_{cf}\) :
-
Fatigue life with stress intervals
- \({N}_{f}\) :
-
Fatigue life without stress intervals
- \(N\) :
-
Cycle number to failure
- \(A\), \(p\) :
-
Constants
- \(\gamma\) :
-
Sensitivity parameter of mean stress
- \(n\) :
-
Norton creep exponent
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Acknowledgements
The authors are sincerely grateful to Professor J. J. K. Daemen (University of Nevada, USA) for his language help of this article. The authors would gratefully like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51874273, 51874274), National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars (No. 52122403), Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (Grant No. 2019324), Special Fund for Strategic Pilot Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB21) and Major Research Development Program of Hebei province (Grant No. 21374101D). The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers and Editors for their constructive suggestions which greatly improve the quality of the manuscript.
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Zhao, K., Ma, H., Zhou, J. et al. Rock Salt Under Cyclic Loading with High-Stress Intervals. Rock Mech Rock Eng 55, 4031–4049 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02848-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02848-1