Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Direct Tensile Behavior of Limestone and Sandstone with Bedding Planes at Different Strain Rates

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To investigate the tensile behavior of rock bedding planes, a series of direct tensile tests were conducted on cylindrical limestone and sandstone specimens with a distinct bedding plane perpendicular to the axial direction. Different tensile strain rates of the bedding plane areas within the magnitude range from 10−6 to 10−2 s−1 were considered. The results indicate that the limestone fracture surfaces maintain the original roughness of bedding planes with few grain fractures. However, the sandstone fracture surfaces display many intergranular and transgranular fractures and are rough at the grain scale. The stress–strain curves of limestone specimens can be divided into elastic deformation stage and yield stage (the nonlinearity of yield stage is weaker with the increase of strain rate), while that of sandstone specimens develop in a nonlinear way accompanied by plastic deformation throughout the loading process. The strain rate significantly affects the tensile deformation and strength of the tested specimens (except the average deformation modulus of sandstone specimens). The elastic modulus, average deformation modulus, peak strain and tensile strength increase as strain rate goes up and have a linear relation with the logarithm of strain rate under the tested strain rate range (namely, under a relatively low strain rate range).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Asprone D, Cadoni E, Prota A, Manfredi G (2009) Dynamic behavior of a Mediterranean natural stone under tensile loading. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46(3):514–520

    Google Scholar 

  • Atapour H, Moosavi M (2014) The influence of shearing velocity on shear behavior of artificial joints. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47(5):1745–1761

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbero M, Barla G, Zaninetti A (1996) Dynamic shear strength of rock joints subjected to impulse loading. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 33(2):141–151

    Google Scholar 

  • Cacciari PP, Futai MM (2018) Assessing the tensile strength of rocks and geological discontinuities via pull-off tests. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 105:44–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Cadoni E (2010) Dynamic characterization of orthogneiss rock subjected to intermediate and high strain rates in tension. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43(6):667–676

    Google Scholar 

  • Cai M, Kaiser PK, Suorineni F, Su K (2007) A study on the dynamic behavior of the Meuse/Haute-Marne argillite. Phys Chem Earth 32(8–14):907–916

    Google Scholar 

  • Cen D, Huang D (2017) Direct shear tests of sandstone under constant normal tensile stress condition using a simple auxiliary device. Rock Mech Rock Eng 50(6):1425–1438

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho SH, Ogata Y, Kaneko K (2003) Strain-rate dependency of the dynamic tensile strength of rock. Int J Rock Mech Min 40(5):763–777

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford AM, Curran JH (1981) The influence of shear velocity on the frictional resistance of rock discontinuities. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 18(6):505–515

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai F, Xia K, Tang L (2010) Rate dependence of the flexural tensile strength of Laurentian granite. Int J Rock Mech Min 47(3):469–475

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutta PK, Kim K (1993) High-strain-rate tensile behavior of sedimentary and igneous rocks at low temperatures. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory, Hanover

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan LF, Yi XW, Ma GW (2013) Numerical manifold method (NMM) simulation of stress wave propagation through fractured rock. Int J Appl Mech 5:238–249

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan LF, Wu ZJ, Wan Z, Gao JW (2017) Experimental investigation of thermal effects on dynamic behavior of granite. Appl Therm Eng 125:94–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith W, Sackman JL, Ewerts C (1976) Static and dynamic fracture strength of Barre granite. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 13(11):303–309

    Google Scholar 

  • Gong FQ, Luo S, Yan JY (2018a) Energy storage and dissipation evolution process and characteristics of marble in three tension-type failure tests. Rock Mech Rock Eng 51(11):3613–3624

    Google Scholar 

  • Gong FQ, Luo Y, Li XB, Si XF, Tao M (2018b) Experimental simulation investigation on rockburst induced by spalling failure in deep circular tunnels. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 81:413–427

    Google Scholar 

  • Howe S, Goldsmith W, Sackman J (1974) Macroscopic static and dynamic mechanical properties of Yule marble. Exp Mech 14(9):337–346

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang D, Zhu TT (2018) Experimental and numerical study on the strength and hybrid fracture of sandstone under tension–shear stress. Eng Fract Mech 200:387–400

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang D, Zhu TT (2019) Experimental study on the shear mechanical behavior of sandstone under normal tensile stress using a new double-shear testing device. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52:3467–3474

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang D, Li YQ, Song YX, Xu Q, Pei XJ (2019) Insights into the catastrophic Xinmo rock avalanche in Maoxian county, China: combined effects of historical earthquakes and landslide amplification. Eng Geol 258:105158

    Google Scholar 

  • Ju M, Li X, Yao Q, Liu S, Liang S, Wang X (2017) Effect of sand grain size on simulated mining-induced overburden failure in physical model tests. Eng Geol 226:93–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan AS, Irani FK (1987) An experimental study of stress wave transmission at a metallic-rock interface and dynamic tensile failure of sandstone, limestone, and granite. Mech Mater 6(4):285–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Kubota S, Ogata Y, Wada Y, Simangunsong G, Shimada H, Matsui K (2008) Estimation of dynamic tensile strength of sandstone. Int J Rock Mech Min 45(3):397–406

    Google Scholar 

  • Li JC (2013) Wave propagation across non-linear rock joints based on time-domain recursive method. Geophys J Int 193(2):970–985

    Google Scholar 

  • Li JC, Wu W, Li HB, Zhu JB, Zhao J (2013) A thin-layer interface model for wave propagation through filled rock joints. J Appl Geophy 91:31–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Li D, Han Z, Sun X, Zhou T, Xi Li (2019) Dynamic mechanical properties and fracturing behavior of marble specimens containing single and double flaws in SHPB tests. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52(6):1623–1643

    Google Scholar 

  • Ren L, Xie LZ, Xie HP, Ai T, He B (2016) Mixed-mode fracture behavior and related surface topography feature of a typical sandstone. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(8):3137–3153

    Google Scholar 

  • Shang J, Hencher SR, West LJ (2016) Tensile strength of geological discontinuities including incipient bedding, rock joints and mineral veins. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(11):4213–4225

    Google Scholar 

  • Shang J, Zhao Z, Ma S (2018) On the shear failure of incipient rock discontinuities under CNL and CNS boundary conditions: Insights from DEM modelling. Eng Geol 234:153–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang ZC, Wong LNY (2016) Influences of normal loading rate and shear velocity on the shear behavior of artificial rock joints. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(6):2165–2172

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Yang R (2017) Study of the dynamic fracture characteristics of coal with a bedding structure based on the NSCB impact test. Eng Fract Mech 184:319–338

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang QZ, Li W, Xie HP (2009) Dynamic split tensile test of flattened Brazilian disc of rock with SHPB setup. Mech Mater 41(3):252–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang G, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Wu X, Wang S (2016) Rate-dependent mechanical behavior of rough rock joints. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 83:231–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu Q, Li Y, Zhang S, Dong X (2016) Classification of large-scale landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China. Environ Earth Sci 75(1):22

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan F, Feng XT, Chen R, Xia KW, Jin CY (2012) Dynamic tensile failure of the rock interface between tuff and basalt. Rock Mech Rock Eng 45(3):341–348

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang JC (2013) Borehole stability analysis accounting for anisotropies in drilling to weak bedding planes. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 60:160–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang QB, Zhao J (2014) A review of dynamic experimental techniques and mechanical behaviour of rock materials. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47(4):1411–1478

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YX, Zhao GF, Jiang YD, Elsworth D, Huang YQ (2014) Effects of bedding on the dynamic indirect tensile strength of coal: laboratory experiments and numerical simulation. Int J Coal Geol 132:81–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Y, Yang H, Chen Z, Chen X, Huang L, Liu S (2019) Effects of jointed rock mass and mixed ground conditions on the cutting efficiency and cutter wear of tunnel boring machine. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52(5):1303–1313

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou YY, Feng XT, Xu DP, Fan QX (2016) Experimental investigation of the mechanical behavior of bedded rocks and its implication for high sidewall caverns. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49:3643–3669

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu TT, Huang D (2019) Experimental investigation of the shear mechanical behavior of sandstone under unloading normal stress. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 114:186–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Q, Li D, Han Z, Xi Li, Zhou Z (2019) Mechanical properties and fracture evolution of sandstone specimens containing different inclusions under uniaxial compression. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 115:33–47

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41807279, 41672300 and 41972297), the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (No. E2019202336) and the Supporting program of hundred promising innovative talents in Hebei provincial education office (No. SLRC2019027).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China

    Duofeng Cen, Da Huang & Yixiang Song

  2. College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054, China

    Da Huang

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Qinghui Jiang

Authors
  1. Duofeng Cen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Da Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yixiang Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Qinghui Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Da Huang.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cen, D., Huang, D., Song, Y. et al. Direct Tensile Behavior of Limestone and Sandstone with Bedding Planes at Different Strain Rates. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53, 2643–2651 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-020-02070-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-020-02070-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation