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Laboratory Investigation on Shear Behaviors of Bolt–Grout Interface Subjected to Constant Normal Stiffness

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Abstract

Shear behavior of the bolt–grout interface basically depends on site-specific boundary conditions, i.e., initial normal stress and normal stiffness of the borehole wall. Few studies have been conducted to investigate the shear behaviors between the bolt and grout material under different boundary conditions. To better understand the effect of boundary conditions on the shear behaviors of the bolt–grout interface, simplified two-dimensional (2D) bolt–grout interface specimens are prepared and tested using direct shear tests at various initial normal stresses and normal stiffnesses in this context. The testing results showed that both initial normal stress and normal stiffness significantly influence the bolt–grout interface shearing behaviors. Increasing the normal stiffness or initial normal stress would increase the peak and residual shear strength. However, the degree of the brittleness after the peak, normal displacement, and peak friction coefficient was reduced. It is noted that the peak and residual shear strength points under the constant normal stiffness conditions located near the peak and residual strength envelopes for the constant normal load tests, respectively. Besides, the shear failure process of the bolt–grout interface was captured by PAC acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and digital camera technology, a good correlation between the evolution of AE parameters and the shear stress curves was obtained.

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Abbreviations

2D:

Two-dimensional

CNL:

Constant normal load

CNS:

Constant normal stiffness

AE:

Acoustic emission

UCS:

Uniaxial compressive strength

σ n0 :

Initial normal stress applied on the bolt–grout interface

k n :

Normal stiffness applied on the bolt–grout interface

σ :

Normal stress on the bolt–grout interface

v :

Normal displacement of the bolt–grout interface

R 2 :

Coefficient of determination of the fitting curve

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the Key projects of the Yalong River Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1865203) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51279201). The partial support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, People’s Republic of China

    Chuanqing Zhang, Guojian Cui, Hui Zhou & Jingjing Lu

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Chuanqing Zhang, Guojian Cui, Hui Zhou & Jingjing Lu

  3. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, People’s Republic of China

    Liang Deng

  4. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Feng Dai

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  1. Chuanqing Zhang
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  2. Guojian Cui
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  3. Liang Deng
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Correspondence to Guojian Cui.

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The proper acknowledgments to other works have been given. All of the authors that appear on the submission declare no conflict of interests in the submitted manuscripts and consent to submit. And they have contributed significantly to the work submitted.

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Zhang, C., Cui, G., Deng, L. et al. Laboratory Investigation on Shear Behaviors of Bolt–Grout Interface Subjected to Constant Normal Stiffness. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53, 1333–1347 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01983-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01983-6

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