Abstract
Empirical studies have shown that warm El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episodes are associated during northern summer with, first, a southward location of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) over the tropical Atlantic, and, second, a weakened convection over West Africa where the ITCZ is near its mean latitude. A modelling experiment presented here is used to help explain this apparent contradiction. In simulated ENSO conditions, the ITCZ is located southwards over the tropical Atlantic. Over West Africa the intertropical front is also displaced southwards, but more slightly; the ITCZ is located at its climatological latitude and the vertical development of convective clouds over West and Central Africa is reduced due to dynamical subsidence in the upper levels.
Similar content being viewed by others
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Janicot, S. Impact of warm ENSO events on atmospheric circulation and convection over the tropical Atlantic and West Africa. Annales Geophysicae 15, 471–475 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0471-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0471-x