Skip to main content
Log in

Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a new era: comparison among leading Eastern and Western centers, Leeds

  • Topics
  • A new era of surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of leading Eastern and Western centers
  • Published:
Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences

Abstract

Objective

Surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) remains challenging, with radical procedures thought to offer the best chance of long-term survival. Here we present our data for surgical resection of HCCA for the period 2001–2008.

Methods

A prospectively maintained database was interrogated to identify all resections. Clinico-pathological data were analyzed and assessed for impact on survival.

Results

51 patients were identified. Almost three-quarters required hepatic trisectionectomy. Overall survival was 76% at 1 year, 36% at 3 years and 20% at 5 years. When R0 resection was achieved, the 5-year survival was 40%. Portal vein resection, perineural invasion and T-stage were predictive of overall survival on univariate analysis. Only T-stage remained significant on multivariate analysis. Lymph node status predicted disease-free survival.

Conclusion

Radical surgery continues to offer the prospect of long-term survival for patients with HCCA. Earlier detection and referral to tertiary centers may allow more patients to have potentially curative surgical resections.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Khan SA, Thomas HC, Davidson BR, Taylor-Robinson SD. Cholangiocarcinoma. Lancet. 2005;366:1303–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Taylor-Robinson SD, Toledano MB, Arora S, Keegan TJ, Hargreaves S, Beck A, et al. Increase in mortality rates from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in England and Wales 1968–1998. Gut. 2001;48(6):816–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Klatskin G. Adenocarcinoma of the hepatic duct at its bifurcation within the porta hepatis. An unusual tumor with distinctive clinical and pathological features. Am J Med. 1965;38:241–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Murakami Y, Uemura K, Sudo T, Hayashidani Y, Hashimoto Y, Nakamura H, et al. Gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival after aggressive surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009;13(8):1470–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Sagawa N, Kondo S, Morikawa T, Okushiba S, Katoh H. Effectiveness of radiation therapy after surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Surg Today. 2005;35:548–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Witzigmann H, Berr F, Ringel U, Caca K, Uhlmann D, Schoppmeyer K, et al. Surgical and palliative management and outcome in 184 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma: palliative photodynamic therapy plus stenting is comparable to r1/r2 resection. Ann Surg. 2006;244(2):230–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Young AL, Prasad KR, Adair R, Abu Hilal M, Guthrie JA, Lodge JP. Portal vein arterialization as a salvage procedure during left hepatic trisectionectomy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;207(5):e1–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. International Union Against Cancer (UICC). TNM classification of malignant tumors. 6th ed. New York: Wiley; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hemming AW, Reed AI, Fujita S, Foley DP, Howard RJ. Surgical management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg. 2005;241(5):693–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Dinant S, Gerhards MF, Rauws EA, Busch OR, Gouma DJ, van Gulik TM. Improved outcome of resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor). Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13(6):872–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Jarnagin WR, Bowne W, Klimstra DS, Ben-Porat L, Roggin K, Cymes K, et al. Papillary phenotype confers improved survival after resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg. 2005;241(5):703–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Mansfield SD, Barakat O, Charnley RM, Jaques BC, O’Suilleabhain CB, Atherton PJ, et al. Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in the North of England: pathology, treatment, and outcome. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11(48):7625–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Silva MA, Tekin K, Aytekin F, Bramhall SR, Buckels JA, Mirza DF. Surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma; a 10 year experience of a tertiary referral centre in the UK. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2005;31(5):533–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Nimura Y. Preoperative biliary drainage before resection for cholangiocarcinoma (Pro). HPB (Oxford). 2008;10(2):130–3.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Laurent A, Tayar C, Cherqui D. Cholangiocarcinoma: preoperative biliary drainage (Con). HPB (Oxford). 2008;10(2):126–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Kondo S, Nagino M, Uesaka K, Oda K, et al. Aggressive preoperative management and extended surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: Nagoya experience. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2000;7(2):155–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Sakata J, Shirai Y, Wakai T, Nomura T, Sakata E, Hatakeyama K. Catheter tract implantation metastases associated with percutaneous biliary drainage for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11(44):7024–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Abulkhir A, Limongelli P, Healey AJ, Damrah O, Tait P, Jackson J, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization for major liver resection: a meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2008;247(1):49–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Nishio H, Hidalgo E, Hamady ZZ, Ravindra KV, Kotru A, Dasgupta D, et al. Left hepatic trisectionectomy for hepatobiliary malignancy: results and an appraisal of its current role. Ann Surg. 2005;242(2):267–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Halazun KJ, Al-Mukhtar A, Aldouri A, Malik HZ, Attia MS, Prasad KR, et al. Right hepatic trisectionectomy for hepatobiliary diseases: results and an appraisal of its current role. Ann Surg. 2007;246(6):1065–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ogata S, Belghiti J, Farges O, Varma D, Sibert A, Vilgrain V. Sequential arterial and portal vein embolizations before right hepatectomy in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg. 2006;93(9):1091–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Nagino M, Kamiya J, Nishio H, Ebata T, Arai T, Nimura Y. Two hundred forty consecutive portal vein embolizations before extended hepatectomy for biliary cancer: surgical outcome and long-term follow-up. Ann Surg. 2006;243(3):364–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Tsao JI, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Hayakawa N, Kondo S, Nagino M, et al. Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of an American and a Japanese experience. Ann Surg. 2000;232(2):166–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ito F, Cho CS, Rikkers LF, Weber SM. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: current management. Ann Surg. 2009;250(2):210–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Hidalgo E, Asthana S, Nishio H, Wyatt J, Toogood GJ, Prasad KR, et al. Surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: the Leeds experience. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008;34(7):787–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Nishio H, Nagino M, Nimura Y. Surgical management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: the Nagoya experience. HPB (Oxford). 2005;7(4):259–62.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Neuhaus P, Jonas S, Bechstein WO, Lohmann R, Radke C, Kling N, et al. Extended resections for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg. 1999;230(6):808–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Peter A. Lodge.

About this article

Cite this article

Young, A.L., Prasad, K.R., Toogood, G.J. et al. Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a new era: comparison among leading Eastern and Western centers, Leeds. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 17, 497–504 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-009-0203-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-009-0203-6

Keywords

Navigation