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Hepatic resection in 485 R0 pT2 and pT3 cases of advanced carcinoma of the gallbladder: results of a Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery survey—a multicenter study

  • Original article
  • Published:
Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery

Abstract

Purpose

We conducted this study to evaluate the optimal hepatic resection for pT2 and pT3 advanced carcinoma of the gallbladder without invasion of the hepatoduodenal ligament.

Methods

We conducted a questionnaire survey regarding 4,243 cases of carcinoma of the gallbladder treated during the recent 10-year period at 112 institutions belonging to the Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery. The questionnaires included questions on preoperative-diagnosis, complications, treatment, and surgical treatment, procedures of resection, surgical result, path histological findings, mode, and site of recurrence, additional post-operative treatment. They included 293 pT2 and 192 pT3 R0 cases, which were negative for hepatoduodenal ligament invasion, and the cumulative survival rates and sites of postoperative recurrence in the form of liver metastasis, were retrospectively analyzed in these 485 cases.

Result

There were no significant differences in survival rate or recurrence rates in the form of liver metastasis between the groups that underwent resection of the gallbladder bed, the group that underwent segmentectomy 4a+5, and the group that underwent hepatectomy in patients with of both pT2 or pT3 gallbladder cancers. Our results also did not show that liver metastasis to segment 4a5 alone was particularly common.

Conclusion

For gallbladder cancer, neither with hepatoduodenal ligament invasion nor hepatic invasion, resection of the gallbladder bed is more preferable for surgical hepatic procedure. For gallbladder cancer that invades any hepatic sites, a hepatic surgical procedure that could eliminate surgical margins would be desirable.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Ann C. Tang (Tokyo Women’s Medical University Editing Services) for helpful suggestions, and 112 members of the Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery that participated in the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 477-96 Owadasinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, 276-0046, Japan

    Tatsuo Araida, Ryouta Higuchi, Mie Hamano, Yoshihito Kodera, Nobuhiro Takeshita, Takehiro Ota, Tatsuya Yoshikawa, Masakazu Yamamoto & Ken Takasaki

Authors
  1. Tatsuo Araida
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  2. Ryouta Higuchi
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  3. Mie Hamano
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  4. Yoshihito Kodera
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  5. Nobuhiro Takeshita
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  6. Takehiro Ota
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  7. Tatsuya Yoshikawa
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  8. Masakazu Yamamoto
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  9. Ken Takasaki
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tatsuo Araida.

Appendix: 112 members of the Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery that participated in the study

Appendix: 112 members of the Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery that participated in the study

Second Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical College

Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine

Surgical Oncology, Cancer Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

First Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University

Department of Surgery, Nikko Memorial Hospital

Department of Surgery II, Hirosaki University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery I, Iwate Medical University

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center

Department of Surgery, Nakamichi General Hospital

Department of Surgery, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital

The First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery I, Fukushima Medical University

Department of Surgery II, Fukushima Medical University

Department of Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center

Department of Surgery II, Dokkyo University School of Medicine

Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Gunma Cancer Center

Department of Surgery, Saitama City Hospital

Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery I, National Defense Medical College

The First Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical School

Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical School

Department of Digestive Surgery Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

Department of Surgery, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine

Department of Surgery Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute

Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital

Department of Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University

Department of Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital

Department of Surgery, Hoshigaoka Koseinenkin Hospital

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University

Department of Surgery, Shinkou Hospital

Department of Surgery, Kobe Central Municipal Hospital

Department of Surgery, Meiwa Hospital

First Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University

Department of Surgery, Nara Prefectural Nara Hospital

Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University Surgery

Department of Surgery, Wakayama Rosai Hospital

Department of Surgery, Chiba Medical Center, National Hospital Organization

Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University

Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine Ichihara Hospital

Department of General Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center

Department of Surgery National Cancer Center Hospital East

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine

Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Division

Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine

First Department of Surgery St. Marianna University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery St. Marianna University School of Medicine Yokohama City Seibu Hospital

Department of Surgery Toyosu Hospital Showa University

Department of Surgery Tokyo Women’s Medical University Daini Hospital

Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology Tokyo Women’s Medical University

Department of Surgery II Tokyo Women’s Medical University

Department of Surgery, Tokyo koseinenkin Hospital

Third Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University

First Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School

Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Artificial Organ Transplantation Division Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo

Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine

Department of Hepato-Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine

Third Department of Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, National Hospital Tokyo Disaster Medical Center

Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Fucyu Hospital

Department of Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Tama Nanbu Chiiki Hospital

Department of Surgery, Tottori Red Cross Hospital

Department of Surgery, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital

Department of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School

Department of Surgery Hiroshima, Hiroshima City Hospital

Department of Surgery Hiroshima, Asa City Hospital

Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University

First Department of Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine

First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University

Department of Digestive and Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokushima, School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Kyushu Koseinenkin Hospital

Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyusyu University

Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyusyu University

First Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University

Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyusyu Cancer Center

Department of Surgery, Saga University School of Medicine

First Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine

Second Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, Sasebo General Hospital

Department of Surgery, Kumamoto Regional Medical Center

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University

Department of Surgery, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital

First Department of Surgery, Miyazaki Medical University

Department of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University

Division of Digestive and General Surgery Department of Surgery Niigata University

Department of Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital

Department of Surgery, Shinrakuen Hospital

Department of Surgery, Niigata Prefectural Central Hospital

Department of Surgery, Niigata Chuo General Hospital

Department of Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University

Department of Surgery, Fukui Saiseikai Hospital

First Department of Surgery, Fukui Medical University

Department of Surgery, Yamanashi Hospital of Social Insurance

Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery I, Nagoya University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery II, Nagoya University School of Medicine

Department of Clinical Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences

Department of Surgery, Hujita Health University School of Medicine

Department of Surgery, 2nd Teaching Hospital, Fujita Health University

Department of Surgery, Toyohashi Municipal City Hospital

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aichi Medical University

Department of Surgery, Yokkaichi City Hospital.

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Araida, T., Higuchi, R., Hamano, M. et al. Hepatic resection in 485 R0 pT2 and pT3 cases of advanced carcinoma of the gallbladder: results of a Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery survey—a multicenter study. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 16, 204–215 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-009-0044-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-009-0044-3

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