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Prolonged Neo-Tethyan magmatic arc in Myanmar: evidence from geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes of Cretaceous mafic–felsic intrusions in the Banmauk–Kawlin area

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Abstract

Cretaceous mafic–felsic intrusions are extensively distributed in the West Burma terrane (Myanmar), but their petrogenesis and tectonic setting still remain unclear. In this study, whole-rock geochemical and Sr–Nd as well as zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic data for the Cretaceous mafic–felsic intrusions from the Banmauk–Kawlin area (northern Myanmar) are presented. Precise zircon U–Pb dating results indicate that they emplaced at Cretaceous (~ 110–90 Ma) and likely belong to an eastward extension of the coeval Gangdese magmatic belt in the southern Lhasa terrane (Tibet). The studied Cretaceous intrusions (SiO2 = 41.97 to 74.54 wt%) mostly have calc-alkaline and Na-rich characteristics, and strong enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Cs, Rb, and K), depletions in Nb and Ta on primitive mantle-normalized diagrams, consistent with geochemical characteristics of arc-type magmas. Most of Cretaceous gabbroic and dioritic intrusions with relatively depleted mantle Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sri = 0.7041–0.7048, εNd(t) = 0.2–6.8, and εHf(t) = 4.3–15.1) and high Ba/La ratios were possibly derived from partial melting of mantle wedge metasomatized by slab-derived fluids and underwent a certain degree of fractional crystallization. Whereas Cretaceous granodiorite and granite probably formed by partial melting of juvenile arc lower crust on the basis of positive εNd(t)–εHf(t) values (− 2.4 to 6.6 and − 2.8 to 15.3) and low initial Sr isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sri = 0.7045–0.7063). A wide range of Th/Nb ratios and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic values in these intrusions suggests that their juvenile arc lower crust possibly formed by melting of slab-derived fluids and/or sediment melts metasomatized mantle. Overall, Cretaceous (~ 110–90 Ma) mafic–felsic intrusions in the West Burma terrane may have formed in an arc setting during subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere, suggesting a prolonged Neo-Tethyan magmatic arc system from southern Tibet to Southeast Asia.

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modified from Metcalfe 2013; Li et al. 2016; Xie et al. 2016). NQ North Qiangtang, SQ South Qiangtang, NC North China, SC South China, IC Indochina, B Baoshan, S Sibumasu, SWB SW Borneo, L Lhasa, T Tengchong. b Comparison of tectonic and petrogenetic models for Cretaceous mafic-felsic intrusions from the West Burma terrane and southern Lhasa terrane. SCLM = subcontinental lithospheric mantle; MS = Myitkyina suture; BNS = Bangong–Nujiang suture

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Acknowledgments

This article was funded by the Natural Science Foundation Project (Grant No. 41490613 and 41672091), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFC0600303), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA2007030101). We obtained support for fieldwork and sampling from Seunghan Kim at the Daewoo International Corporation (Myanmar). We also yielded specific guidance and assistance from Ya-Hui Yue, Jing Xie, Shou–Qian Zhao, Hong–Xia Jiang, Yu–Qiong Wang, and Qiu–Yun Guan concerning the analyses of trace element, Sr–Nd isotope, zircon U–Pb dating, and in situ Hf isotope at the Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This manuscript benefited from constructive comments by Wolf-Christian Dullo, Hua-Wen Cao, Albrecht von Quadt, and an anonymous reviewer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Jin-Xiang Li, Wei-Ming Fan, Li-Yun Zhang, Ya-Li Sun, Lin Ding & Fu-Long Cai

  2. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Jin-Xiang Li, Wei-Ming Fan, Li-Yun Zhang, Tou-Ping Peng & Lin Ding

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Wei-Ming Fan

  4. State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Tou-Ping Peng

  5. Myanmar Geosciences Society, Yangon, Myanmar

    Kyaing Sein

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Li, JX., Fan, WM., Zhang, LY. et al. Prolonged Neo-Tethyan magmatic arc in Myanmar: evidence from geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes of Cretaceous mafic–felsic intrusions in the Banmauk–Kawlin area. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 109, 649–668 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01824-w

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