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Paleomagnetism from Deception Island (South Shetlands archipelago, Antarctica), new insights into the interpretation of the volcanic evolution using a geomagnetic model

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Abstract

Deception Island shows the most recent exposed active volcanism in the northern boundary of the Bransfield Trough. The succession of the volcanic sequence in the island is broadly divided into pre- and post-caldera collapse units although a well-constrained chronological identification of the well-defined successive volcanic episodes is still needed. A new paleomagnetic investigation was carried out on 157 samples grouped in 20 sites from the volcanic deposits of Deception Island (South Shetlands archipelago, Antarctic Peninsula region) distributed in: (1) volcanic breccia (3 sites) and lavas (2 sites) prior to the caldera collapse; (2) lavas emplaced after the caldera collapse (10 sites); and (3) dikes cutting pre- and the lowermost post-caldera collapse units (5 sites). The information revealed by paleomagnetism provides new data about the evolution of the multi-episodic volcanic edifice of this Quaternary volcano, suggesting that the present-day position of the volcanic materials is close to their original emplacement position. The new data have been combined with previous paleomagnetic results in order to tentatively propose an age when comparing the paleomagnetic data with a global geomagnetic model. Despite the uncertainties in the use of averaged paleomagnetic data per volcanic units, the new data in combination with tephra occurrences noted elsewhere in the region suggest that the pre-caldera units (F1 and F2) erupted before 12,000 year BC, the caldera collapse took place at about 8300 year BC, and post-caldera units S1 and S2 are younger than 2000 year BC.

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Acknowledgments

The authors express their gratitude to the personnel of the Gabriel de Castilla Antarctic station, for the logistic support. This work was supported by the Projects CTM2011-13902E, CTM2011-26372 and CTM214-57119-R of the Spanish National R&D Plan. The authors are also very grateful to the reviewers J.L. Smellie and S. Moreton for their valuable and constructive comments, which helped to improve substantially the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    B. Oliva-Urcia, A. Maestro & J. López-Martínez

  2. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003, Madrid, Spain

    I. Gil-Peña & A. Maestro

  3. Departamento de Geodinámica, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    J. Galindo-Zaldívar

  4. Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, 18071, Granada, Spain

    J. Galindo-Zaldívar

  5. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Unidad de Zaragoza, Manuel Lasala, 44-9°B, 50006, Zaragoza, Spain

    R. Soto

  6. Área de Geodinámica Interna, Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain

    A. Gil-Imaz & O. Pueyo

  7. ESGEMAR, Espacio 4, Polígono San Luís, 29006, Málaga, Spain

    J. Rey

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  1. B. Oliva-Urcia
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Oliva-Urcia, B., Gil-Peña, I., Maestro, A. et al. Paleomagnetism from Deception Island (South Shetlands archipelago, Antarctica), new insights into the interpretation of the volcanic evolution using a geomagnetic model. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 105, 1353–1370 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-015-1254-3

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