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Implications of subduction and subduction zone migration of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath eastern North China, based on distribution, geochronology, and geochemistry of Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks

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Abstract

Several major volcanic zones are distributed across the eastern North China Craton, from northwest to southeast: the Greater Xing’an Range, Jibei-Liaoxi, Xishan, and Songliao Basins, and the Yanji, Huanghua, and Ludong volcanic zones. The Huanghua depression within the Bohai Bay Basin was filled by middle Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks and abundant Cenozoic alkaline basalts. Zircon LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP U–Pb dating show that basic–intermediate volcanic rocks were extruded in the Early Cretaceous of 118.8 ± 1.0 Ma (weighted mean 206Pb/238U age), before Late Cretaceous acid lavas at 71.5 ± 2.6 Ma. An inherited zircon from andesite has a Paleoprotoerozoic core crystallization age of 2,424 ± 22 Ma (206Pb/207Pb age) indicating that the basement of the Bohai Bay Basin is part of the North China Craton. Early Cretaceous basic and intermediate lavas are characterized by strong enrichments in LREE and LILE and depletions in HREE and HFSE, indicating a volcanic arc origin related to oceanic subduction. Depletion in Zr only occurs in basic and intermediate volcanic rocks, while depletions in Sr and Ti exist only in acid samples, indicating that the acid series is not genetically related to the basic–intermediate series. Formation ages and geochemical features indicate that the Late Cretaceous acid lavas are products of crustal remelting in an extensional regime. Combined information from all these volcanic zones shows that subduction-related volcanic rocks were generated in the Jibei-Liaoxi and Xishan volcanic zones during the Early Jurassic, about 60 Ma earlier than their analogues extruded in the Huanghua and Ludong volcanic zones during the Early Cretaceous. This younging trend also exists in the youngest extension-related volcanism in each of these zones: Early Cretaceous asthenosphere-derived alkaline basalts in the northwest and Late Cretaceous in the southeast. A tectonic model of northwestward subduction and continuous oceanward retreat of the Paleo-Pacific Plate is proposed to explain the migration pattern of both arc-related and post-subduction extension-related volcanic rocks. As the subduction zone continuously migrated, active continental margin and backarc regimes successively played their roles in different parts of North China during the Late Mesozoic (J1–K2).

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Acknowledgments

C. Zhang appreciates his host Professor Francois Holtz (Universität Hannover, Germany) for helpful discussion. We are grateful to Wolf-Christian Dullo, Wenjiao Xiao, Koen de Jong and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments on the manuscript. Professor Roger Mason (China University of Geosciences, Wuhan) revised the English at a late stage. We are indebted to Yusheng Wan and Haihong Chen for their expert assistance in SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating analyses, respectively. We also thank Dunqing Xiao and Lixin Fu for their kind assistance related to sampling. This research is financially supported by the Key International Science & Technology Cooperation Project (Grant 2007DFA21230), National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant 40334037), and the Ministry of Education of China and the State Administration of Foreign Expert Affairs of China (Grant B07039).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China

    Chao Zhang, Chang-Qian Ma, Qun-An Liao & Zhen-Bing She

  2. Institut für Mineralogie, Universität Hannover, 30167, Hannover, Germany

    Chao Zhang

  3. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China

    Jin-Yang Zhang

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  1. Chao Zhang
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  2. Chang-Qian Ma
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  3. Qun-An Liao
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  4. Jin-Yang Zhang
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Correspondence to Chao Zhang or Chang-Qian Ma.

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Zhang, C., Ma, CQ., Liao, QA. et al. Implications of subduction and subduction zone migration of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath eastern North China, based on distribution, geochronology, and geochemistry of Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 100, 1665–1684 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-010-0582-6

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