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From Tethys to Eastern Paratethys: Oligocene depositional environments, paleoecology and paleobiogeography of the Thrace Basin (NW Turkey)

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Abstract

The Oligocene depositional history of the Thrace Basin documents a unique paleogeographic position at a junction between the Western Tethys and the Eastern Paratethys. As part of the Tethys, shallow marine carbonate platforms prevailed during the Eocene. Subsequently, a three-staged process of isolation started with the Oligocene. During the Early Rupelian, the Thrace Basin was still part of the Western Tethys, indicated by typical Western Tethyan marine assemblages. The isolation from the Tethys during the Early Oligocene is reflected by oolite formation and endemic Eastern Paratethyan faunas of the Solenovian stage. The third phase reflects an increasing continentalisation of the Thrace Basin with widespread coastal swamps during the Late Solenovian. The mollusc assemblages are predominated by mangrove dwelling taxa and the mangrove plant Avicennia is recorded in the pollen spectra. The final continentalisation is indicated by the replacement of the coastal swamps by pure freshwater swamps and fluvial plains during the Late Oligocene (mammal zone MP 26). This paleogeographic affiliation of the Thrace Basin with the Eastern Paratethys after ~32 Ma contrasts all currently used reconstructions which treat the basin as embayment of the Eastern Mediterranean basin.

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Acknowledgments

This study is a part of the scientific joint project between the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (Turkey) and the Natural History Museum Vienna (NHMW-Austria). The authors thank the rewievers Bettina Reichenbacher (Department of Geo- and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany) and Miklos Kazmer (Department of Palaeontology, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary) for their helpful comments on the manuscript. The results are presented within the frame of the FWF-grant P18189-N10 and contribute to the NECLIME project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Research Department, General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, 06520, Balgat, Ankara, Turkey

    Yeşim İslamoğlu

  2. Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010, Vienna, Austria

    Mathias Harzhauser, Andreas Kroh & Fred Rögl

  3. Landesmuseum Joanneum, Raubergasse 10, 8010, Graz, Austria

    Martin Gross

  4. Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N 18002, Granada, Spain

    Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno

  5. Center for Environmental Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 86011, USA

    Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno

  6. Geologische Bundesanstalt, Neulinggasse 38, 1031, Vienna, Austria

    Stjepan Coric

  7. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain

    Jan van der Made

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  1. Yeşim İslamoğlu
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  2. Mathias Harzhauser
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Correspondence to Yeşim İslamoğlu.

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İslamoğlu, Y., Harzhauser, M., Gross, M. et al. From Tethys to Eastern Paratethys: Oligocene depositional environments, paleoecology and paleobiogeography of the Thrace Basin (NW Turkey). Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 99, 183–200 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-008-0378-0

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