Abstract
Heilongjiang Province is a major grain production base in China, and its agricultural development plays an important role in China’s social economy. Drought and flood events are the primary disasters in Heilongjiang Province and have considerable impacts on agriculture. In this study, relatively complete monthly precipitation data from 26 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province during the period of 1958–2013 were analyzed using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) combined with principal component analysis, Mann–Kendall trend analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis to determine the spatial and temporal distributions of drought and flood events in this province. The results were as follows: (1) the whole of Heilongjiang exhibited an aridity trend. In northern Heilongjiang, spring and summer experienced a wetting trend, and autumn and winter experienced an aridity trend. (2) The SPI3 exhibited 8- and 16-year periodic variation characteristics in spring, 10- and 22-year periodic variation characteristics in summer, and 10- and 32-year periodic variation characteristics in autumn. In addition to the 10-year periodic variation characteristics in winter, other periodic variation characteristics were observed. (3) The increasing trend in the percentage of stations affected by flood was more obvious than that affected by drought. Therefore, Heilongjiang Province is more vulnerable to flooding. (4) The influence of drought and flood disasters in Heilongjiang Province showed a growth trend, but the flood effect was more remarkable. (5) The agricultural area affected by drought and flood disasters in Heilongjiang Province showed an increasing trend. Although there was a greater increase in flood disaster area, the main types of disasters were drought-dominated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aliaga VS, Ferrelli F, Piccolo MC (2017) Regionalization of climate over the Argentine Pampas. Int J Climatol 24(10):2438–2448
Bordi I, Fraedrich K, Jiang J-M, Sutera A (2004) Spatio-temporal variability of dry and wet periods in eastern China. Theoret Appl Climatol 79(1–2):81–91
Carvalho MJ, Melo-Gonçalves P, Teixeira JC, Rocha A (2016) Regionalization of Europe based on a K-means cluster analysis of the climate change of temperatures and precipitation. Phys Chem Earth Parts A/b/c 94:22–28
Emmer A, Merkl S, Mergili M (2015) Spatiotemporal patterns of high-mountain lakes and related hazards in western Austria. Geomorphology 246(246):602–616
Farge M (2003) Wavelet transforms and their applications to turbulence. Phys Today 56(4):68
Fu Q, Li TX, Li TN, Li H (2016) Temporal-spatial evolution patterns of the annual precipitation considering the climate change conditions in the Sanjiang Plain. J Water Clim Change 7(1):198–211. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2015.012
Gao J, Liu Y (2011) Climate warming and land use change in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. Appl Geogr 31(2):476–482
Gao C, Zhang Z, Zhai J, Liu Q, Yao M (2015) Research on meteorological thresholds of drought and flood disaster: a case study in the Huai River Basin, China. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 29(1):157–167
Gosain AK, Rao S, Arora A (2011) Climate change impact assessment of water resources of India. Curr Sci 101:356–371
Gu JP, Wang SY, Gong JG, Sun ZF, Gong WL (2017) Spational-temporal evolution study of drought and flood in Heilongjiang Province. Int J Hydroelectr Energy 35(02):17–20
Han W, Liang C, Jiang B, Ma W, Zhang Y (2016) Major natural disasters in China, 1985–2014: occurrence and damages. Int J Environ Res Public Health 13(11):E1118
Hsu KC, Li ST (2010) Clustering spatial–temporal precipitation data using wavelet transform and self-organizing map neural network. Adv Water Resour 33(2):190–200
Huang J, Sun SL, Xue Y, Li JJ, Zhang JC (2014) Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation and dryness/wetness during 1961–2008 in Sichuan Province, West China. Water Resour Manag 28(6):1655–1670
Huang J, Liu FG, Xue Y, Sun SL (2015) The spatial and temporal analysis of precipitation concentration and dry spell in Qinghai, northwest China. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 29(5):1403–1411
Jiang XY, Fan JB, Zhang JQ, Tong ZJ, Liu XP (2009) Gis-based risk assessment on rain and flood disasters of Songhua river. J Catastr 24(03):51–56
Jiang C, Li DQ, Gao YN, Liu WF, Zhang LB (2016) Impact of climate variability and anthropogenic activity on streamflow in the Three Rivers Headwater Region, Tibetan Plateau, China. Theoret Appl Climatol 129(1):1–15
Kalayci S, Kahya E (2006) Assessment of streamflow variability modes in Turkey: 1964–1994. J Hydrol 324(1):163–177
Khan MI, Liu D, Fu Q, Saddique Q, Faiz MA, Li TX, Qamar MU, Cui S, Cheng C (2017) Projected changes of future extreme drought events under numerous drought indices in the Heilongjiang Province of China. Water Resour Manag 31:3921–3937
Li C, Wang RH (2016) Recent changes of precipitation in Gansu, Northwest China: an index-based analysis. Theoret Appl Climatol 129(1–2):1–16
Li TX, Fu Q, Cui S, Liu D (2017) Variation of precipitation and its impact on agricultural production in Heilongjiang Province. J Irrig Drain 36(05):103–108
Liu Y, An ZS, Ma HZ, Liu ZY, Kutzbach JK, Shi JF et al (2006) Precipitation variation in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau recorded by the tree rings since 850 AD and its relevance to the Northern Hemisphere temperature. Sci China 49(4):408–420
Liu WB, Cai TJ, Ju CY, Fu GB, Yao YF, Cui XQ (2011) Assessing vegetation dynamics and their relationships with climatic variability in Heilongjiang province, northeast China. Environ Earth Sci 64(8):2013–2024
Liu BJ, Chen XH, Chen JF, Chen XH (2016) Impacts of different threshold definition methods on analyzing temporal-spatial features of extreme precipitation in the Pearl River Basin. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 1–12
Liu Y, Ren LL, Ma MW, Yang XL, Yuan F, Jiang SH (2016b) An insight into the Palmer drought mechanism based indices: comprehensive comparison of their strengths and limitations. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 30(1):119–136
Liu YS, Yuan XM, Guo L, Huang YH, Zhang XL (2017) Driving force analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution of flash floods in Sichuan Province. Sustainability 9(9):1527
Malik N, Bookhagen B, Mucha PJ (2016) Spatiotemporal patterns and trends of Indian monsoonal rainfall extremes. Geophys Res Lett 43(4):1710
Mckee TB, Doesken NJ, Kliest J (1993) The relation-ship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. In: Proceedings of the 8th conference on applied climatology, Boston: American Meteorological Society, pp 179–182
Min Y (2013) Spatiotemporal evolution of the droughts and floods over China. Physics 62(13):139203
Mitra S, Srivastava P (2017) Spatiotemporal variability of meteorological droughts in southeastern USA. Nat Hazards 86(3):1007–1038
Na XD, Zang SY, Zhang NN, Cui J (2015) Impact of land use and land cover dynamics on Zhalong wetland reserve ecosystem, Heilongjiang Province, China. Int J Environ Sci Technol 12(2):445–454
Naghettini M, Gontijo NT, Portela MM (2012) Investigation on the properties of the relationship between rare and extreme rainfall and flood volumes, under some distributional restrictions. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 26(6):859–872
Oesting M, Stein A (2018) Spatial modeling of drought events using max-stable processes. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 32(1):63–81
Padhee SK, Nikam BR, Dutta S, Aggarwal SP (2017) Using satellite-based soil moisture to detect and monitor spatiotemporal traces of agricultural drought over Bundelkhand region of India. Mapp Sci Remote Sens 54(2):144–166
Pei W, Fu Q, Liu D, Li TX, Cheng K (2016) Assessing agricultural drought vulnerability in the Sanjiang Plain based on an improved projection pursuit model. Nat Hazards 82(1):683–701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2213-4
Pei W, Fu Q, Li TX (2017) Spatiotemporal analysis of the agricultural drought risk in Heilongjiang Province. Theor Appl Climatol, China. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-017-2182-x
Rudd AC, Bell VC, Kay AL (2017) National-scale analysis of simulated hydrological droughts (1891–2015). J Hydrol 550:368–385
Santos JF, Pulidocalvo I, Portela MM (2010) Spatial and temporal variability of droughts in Portugal. Water Resour Res 46(3):742–750
Santos CAG, Neto RMB, Silva RMD (2017) Drought assessment using a TRMM-derived standardized precipitation index for the upper São Francisco River basin, Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 189(6):250
Schaller C, Göckede M, Foken T (2017) Flux calculation of short turbulent events—comparison of three methods. Atmos Meas Tech 10(3):1–20
Sharma KD (2011) Rain-fed agriculture could meet the challenges of food security in India. Curr Sci 100(11):1615–1616
She DX, Xia J, Zhu LT, Lü JM, Chen XD, Zhang LP, Zhang X (2016) Changes of rainfall and its possible reasons in the Nansi Lake Basin, China. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 30(4):1099–1113
Shi FM, Yang B, Pei ZJ, Li Wang, Gao YB, Zuo X, Lu FY, Liu J (2017) Change characteristics of agrometeorological disaster rates in Heilongjiang Province in recent 35 years. J Northeast Agric Univ 48(10):50–56
Singh V, Goyal MK (2016) Spatio-temporal heterogeneity and changes in extreme precipitation over eastern Himalayan catchments India. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 1–20
Sun P, Zhang Q, Wen QZ, Singh VP, Shi PJ (2017) Multisource data based integrated agricultural drought monitoring in the Huai River basin, China. J Geophys Res Atmos 122(20):10751–10772
Torrence C, Compo GP (1998) A practical guide to wavelet analysis. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 79(79):61–78
Wang L, Yao ZJ, Jiang LG, Wang R, Wu SS, Liu ZF (2016) Changes in climate extremes and catastrophic events in the Mongolian Plateau from 1951 to 2012. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 55(5):151117070718004
Xing ZX, Yang ZR, Fu Q, Li H, Gong XL, Wu JY (2017) Characteristics and risk assessment of agricultural meteorological disasters based on 30-years’ disaster data from Heilongjiang Province of China. Int J Agric Biol Eng 10(6):144–154
Xu XH, Lv ZQ, Zhou XY, Jiang N (2016) Drought prediction and sustainable development of the ecological environment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24(35):26974–26982
Yu ZB, Gu HH, Wang JG, Xia J, Lu BH (2017) Effect of projected climate change on the hydrological regime of the Yangtze River Basin, China. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 4–5:1–16
Zhang Q, Li JF, Singh VP, Xiao MZ (2013a) Spatio-temporal relations between temperature and precipitation regimes: implications for temperature-induced changes in the hydrological cycle. Global Planet Change 111(4):57–76
Zhang Q, Xiao MZ, Singh VP, Chen XH (2013b) Copula-based risk evaluation of hydrological droughts in the East River basin, China. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 27(6):1397–1406
Zhang Q, Xiao M, Singh VP (2015a) Uncertainty evaluation of copula analysis of hydrological droughts in the East River basin. China Glob Planet Change 129:1–9
Zhang Q, Qi TY, Singh VP, Chen YQ, Xiao MZ (2015b) Regional frequency analysis of droughts in China: a multivariate perspective. Water Resour Manage 29(6):1767–1787
Zhang Q, Gu XH, Singh VP, Kong DD, Chen XH (2015c) Spatiotemporal behavior of floods and droughts and their impacts on agriculture in China. Global Planet Change 131:63–72
Zhang Q, Sun P, Li JF, Xiao MZ, Singh VP (2015d) Assessment of drought vulnerability of the Tarim River basin, Xinjiang, China. Theoret Appl Climatol 121(1–2):337–347
Zhang Q, Sun P, Li J, Singh VP, Liu J (2015e) Spatiotemporal properties of droughts and related impacts on agriculture in Xinjiang, China. Int J Climatol 35(7):1254–1266
Zhang Q, Sun P, Singh VP, Li JF, Tu XJ (2016) Evaluation of transitional behavior of wetness/drought regimes in the Poyang Lake Basin, China. Theoret Appl Climatol 126(3–4):631–642
Zhang Q, Kong DD, Singh VP, Shi PJ (2017) Response of vegetation to different time-scales drought across China: spatiotemporal patterns, causes and implications. Global Planet Change 152:1–11
Zubieta R, Saavedra M, Silva Y, Giráldez L (2016) Spatial analysis and temporal trends of daily precipitation concentration in the Mantaro River basin: central Andes of Peru. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 31(6):1–14
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51709044, and 51479032) and the National Key R&D Plan (2017YFC0406002).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fu, Q., Zhou, Z., Li, T. et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics of droughts and floods in northeastern China and their impacts on agriculture. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 32, 2913–2931 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-018-1543-z
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-018-1543-z