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Chemical and cytotoxical changes in leaves of Eugenia uniflora L., a medicinal plant growing in the fourth largest urban centre of Latin America

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Abstract

Main communication

Characteristics of the urban environment are sufficient to alter the degree of cytotoxicity of the extract obtained from the leaves of Eugenia uniflora L.

Abstract

Most people in urban environments obtain medicinal plants through their own cultivation. Eugenia uniflora L. is a native shrub of Brazilian restinga that is common in urban areas. The population commonly uses the leaves to treat various diseases, and the Brazilian National Health Service recommends this species. Thus, research is needed to assess the toxicity of medicinal products derived from this plant grown in urban environments and to determine its reliability for use by the population. Therefore, this study evaluated leaves of E. uniflora grown in an urban environment to identify possible chemical and cytotoxical changes. This study presents an integrated analysis of the environmental conditions, physiology and phytochemistry of E. uniflora, in addition to experiments that evaluate the toxic potential of its extract. Chemical analysis of soil and leaves revealed great variation in the plant’s capacity to accumulate chemical elements. Among the chemical elements analysed, lead stands out as it was detected at the concentration limit allowed by World Health Organization in leaves from an urban site. Results of the cytotoxicity analysis revealed significant differences regarding the viability of VERO cells submitted to extract. We suggest that environmental and soil characteristics of the urban site are responsible, at least in part, for the cytotoxic characteristic of E. uniflora leaf extract.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by: the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001; Conselho Nacional desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq); and Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). We thank the employees of FIOCRUZ Manguinhos and Mata Atlântica for authorising research in the areas, in particular to Dr. Marcelo Neto Galvão for the support during the collections. This study was part of the thesis of L.B. at Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal of UERJ.

Funding

This study was financed in part by: the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001; Conselho Nacional desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); and Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil

    Laís de Almeida Bezerra, Cátia Henriques Callado & Thaís Jorge Vasconcellos

  2. Laboratório de Radio e Fotobiologia, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil

    Thaís Oliveira Cassiano dos Santos Nogueira, José Carlos Pelielo de Mattos & Marcos Massao Murata

  3. Departamento de Física Aplicada e Termodinâmica, Instituto de Física Armando Dias Tavares, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil

    Ramon Silva dos Santos & Marcelino José dos Anjos

  4. Departamento de Produtos Naturais de Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil

    Davyson de Lima Moreira

  5. Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil

    Maura Da Cunha

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  1. Laís de Almeida Bezerra
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  2. Cátia Henriques Callado
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  3. Thaís Jorge Vasconcellos
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de Almeida Bezerra, L., Callado, C.H., Vasconcellos, T.J. et al. Chemical and cytotoxical changes in leaves of Eugenia uniflora L., a medicinal plant growing in the fourth largest urban centre of Latin America. Trees 37, 85–98 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02217-5

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